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Typography
Used to convey a message quickly and concisely with little effort from a reader
Type Family
A series of fonts with the same design but different weights, widths, and slants of each letter
Type Face
Type family narrowed down to a specific weight and width
Type Font
Type family narrowed down to a specific weight, width, and point size
Roman
Fonts with thin and thick strokes and serifs (lines at endpoints of letters)
Sans Serif
Fonts without serifs (like the one you’re viewing!)
Square Serif
Fonts with square/block serifs
Black Letter
Imitates calligraphy (mainly old english)
Script
Fonts that simulate handwriting
Novelty
Used for decoration or special attention
Condescended
Classic fonts within a smaller space
Italic
Slanted version of a font
Bold
Thicker stroked version of a font.
Black
Even thicker and darker version of a font (more than bold)
Small Caps
Uppercase letters with a smaller size (like lowercase)
Ligatures
Two letters are joined together (fi, fl)
Glyph/Dingbat
Hieroglyph, Symbol, or Pictograph
Subscript
Letter or number BELOW the baseline
Superscript
Letter/number ABOVE a baseline
EM Space
Unit of measurement in typography/web design, 1 EM equals the height of a font
EN Space
½ of an EM space
EM Dash + EN Dash
A dash with length to match EM or EN measure (-/—)
Baseline
Line where bottom of standard letters rest
Mean line
Line at the top of most lowercase letters
Ascender
Part of a lowercase letter that extends above the mean line (b, d)
Descender
Part of a lowercase letter that extends below a baseline (p, q)
X-Height
Measure between the baseline & mean line
Leading
Measure from baseline to baseline (aka line spacing)
Kerning
Changing space between a pair of letters
Tracking
Changing space between a group of letters
Headline Type
Used for a title of a section, greater than 14 pt
Body Type
Used for the “guts” of the typesetting, at most 14 pt (no larger than 14 pt)
Subhead Type
Used for sections under a heading, greater than 14pt but less than heading size
Justified
Text lines up on left and right sides
Flush Left
Text lines up on the left and is ragged on the right side
Flush Right
Text lines up on right side and ragged on the left side
Force Justified
Last line of a text forced to stretch across a column
Widow
A word or line that starts its own column or page by itself
Orphan
A single word at the bottom of a paragraph
(_) points = 1 Pica
12
6 Picas or 72 points = ___
1 inch
Type 1 Fonts
Postscript fonts that need a display and print font, no longer supported since 2022
True Type Fonts
Display and Printer fonts all together, scalable vectors
Open Type Fonts
Similar to True Type with larger capacity
