Chapter 13 immunity and defense

the immune system

recongnizes foreign material

protects the body from anything that is not a part of the body

Innate immune system

present at birth

body’s first and second lines of defense

anatomical and cellular barrires

destroys “non-self” invaders

adaptive immune system

slower to respond

learned immunity

targets specific organisms

develops and adapts as animal matures and exposed to antigens

external innate immunity

first line of defense

anatomical barriers on surfaces of body

internal innate immunity

second line of defense

when a pathogen makes its way to past physical barriers, the body controls spread of infection through acute inflammation

what cells are capable of phagocytosis

Neutrophils

monocytes

macrophages

fever

systemic inflammation response where chemical mediators are carried throughout the body

creates environment exceeding optimum temp for growth of pathogen

fever

excessively high body temp of what temperature may cause proteins to denature

>104f

2 types of adaptive immune system

humoral

cell-mediated

humoral adaptive immune system

targets specific antigens for destruction

humoral adaptive immune system uses

b lymphocytes

cell-mediated adaptive immune system

provides immunity against intracellular pathogens

t cells attach directly to antigen markers on surfaces of phagocutes that have already processes the pathogen

cell-mediated adaptive immune system uses

t lymphocytes

memory cells

wait in lymhoid tissue for second exposure to same antigen

quicker and stronger response than inital immune response

Immunoglobulins

fight off bacterial and viral infection

indicative of a chronic infection

croses placenta

active immunity

the result of an active immune process

passive immunity

receiving antibodies from an external source - mother

vaccines are _____ immuntity

active

maternal antibodies are ______ immunity

passive