Biology Lab Final

What is the magnification of the scanning lens?

4X

Which part of the microscope adjusts the amount of light passing through the specimen?

Iris diaphragm

What does the total magnification of a microscope depend on?

Both objective and ocular lenses

Which lens provides the highest magnification?

100X

When using the high-power objective, which focus knob should you use?

Fine focus knob

What is the independent variable in an experiment?

The variable you manipulate

A prediction about the outcome of an experiment is known as what?

Hypothesis

In a controlled experiment, how many variables should be tested at a time?

One

The control in an experiment is used for what purpose?

As a comparison to the experimental group

Which of the following represents quantitative data?

Length of a leaf in centimeters

The plasma membrane is primarily composed of:

Lipids and proteins

What is the function of the ribosome?

Protein synthesis

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins?

Golgi apparatus

Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?

Prokaryotic

What is the main function of the cell wall in plants?

Structural support

What test would you use to identify the presence of starch?

Iodine test

What type of macromolecule are enzymes classified as?

Proteins

Which macromolecule provides the most long-term energy storage?

Lipids

DNA is an example of which macromolecule?

Nucleic acid

What color does Benedict's solution turn if simple sugars are present?

Orange or red

What chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?

Left ventricle

What is the primary function of the pulmonary veins?

Carry oxygenated blood to the heart

Which type of blood vessel has the thickest walls?

Arteries

Which type of blood vessel has the thickest walls?

Arteries

Blood leaving the lungs enters which heart chamber?

Left atrium

The purpose of valves in the heart is to:

Prevent backflow of blood

What is the primary pigment used in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll

Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?

Cytoplasm

What gas is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis?

Oxygen

In cellular respiration, which process produces the most ATP?

Oxidative phosphorylation

What molecule is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Oxygen

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Synthesizing new DNA strands

What does "semiconservative replication" mean?

Each new DNA molecule has one old strand and one new strand

What is the shape of bacterial DNA?

Circular

How does active transport differ from passive transport?

Active transport requires ATP, while passive transport does not

What type of bond holds water molecules together?

Hydrogen bond

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not DNA?

Uracil

What organelle is responsible for detoxification in liver cells?

Smooth ER

Which type of organism is classified as an autotroph?

Plant

What happens during anaphase of mitosis?

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles

The molecule ATP is most closely associated with which function?

Cellular energy

What is the term for water's ability to stick to itself?

Cohesion

What is the smallest unit of life?

Cell

What is an ecosystem?

The physical environment and all living things in it

What are proteins made of?

Amino acids

What is the purpose of mitosis?

Growth and repair of tissues

Which type of muscle is voluntary?

Skeletal

What do all viruses require to reproduce?

A host cell