Embryonic Germ Layers: Formation and Derivatives in Human Development

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8 Terms

1
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Primitive streak

Raised groove on dorsal epiblast that appears on day 14-15 in the epiblast.

2
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Gastrulation

Ingression/invagination of epiblast cells through primitive streak to form 3 germ layers.

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Endoderm

Formed by epiblast cells that replace the hypoblast.

4
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Mesoderm

Formed by epiblast cells migrating between epiblast and endoderm.

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Ectoderm

Formed by epiblast cells that remain on the dorsal surface.

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Derivatives of ectoderm

Brain, spinal cord, epidermis of skin; neural crest → face bones, melanocytes.

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Derivatives of mesoderm

Muscle, bone, connective tissue, blood, kidneys, gonads; notochord forms nucleus pulposus.

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Derivatives of endoderm

Lining of gut tube, respiratory tubes, digestive organs, bladder.