Ch. 14 Somatic Nervous System

These receptors respond to changes in temperature.

Thermoreceptors

Which term best describes receptors that detect stimuli from internal organs?

Interoceptors

These receptors detect changes in the color, intensity, and movement of light.

Photoreceptors

Which term best describes receptors that detect stimuli from the external environment?

Exteroceptors

There are five basic taste sensations. Select the one mismatched with its stimulating agent.

Bitter; acids such as those in toxins or poisons

By definition, transducers

change one form of energy into another form.

These receptors respond to pain caused by external and internal stimuli.

Nociceptors

The classification of a receptor as a photoreceptor or a mechanoreceptor depends on

the modality of the stimulus it perceives.

Which region of gray matter in the spinal cord contains motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscles?

ventral horn

Which location on the body has the largest region of somatosensory cortex representing it according to the sensory homunculus?

lips

Sharp, color vision is a result of the function of

cones.

The entire area through which the sensitive ends of the receptor cells are distributed is the

receptive field.

What is the correct chronological sequence of events for hearing?

a: The tympanic membrane vibrates.

b: Ossicles vibrate.

c: Spiral organ hair cells convert stimulus to nerve impulse.

d: Pressure waves from oval window travel through the scala vestibuli.

a, b, d, c

Certain odors can initiate behavioral and emotional reactions because

there are widespread olfactory associations within the hypothalamus and limbic system.

Changes in the external and internal environment are_________ that are detected by the sensory system.

stimuli

Which of the following is not one of the three criteria used to describe receptors?

Stimulus strength (intensity of stimulus)

After being funneled by the auricle, sound waves pass (in sequence) through the

external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, ossicles, and oval window.

The middle and inner ear are housed within the_________ bone.

temporal

What part of the retina is responsible for the sharpest vision?

Fovea centralis

Which photoreceptor cells function in dim light?

Rods

Which submodality of taste is sensitive to pH of saliva?

sour

The olfactory tracts project

directly to the primary olfactory cortex of the temporal lobe of the cerebrum.

These receptors respond to touch, pressure, vibration, and stretch.

Mechanoreceptors

The vascular tunic of the eye has three distinct regions. From anterior to posterior what are they?

a: Ciliary body

b: Choroid

c: Iris

c, a, b

Olfactory receptor cells are_________ neurons.

bipolar

What type of receptor cell is involved in the sensations of sound and balance?

mechanoreceptor

The proper sequence of eye layers from the outermost to the innermost layer is

a: Neural tunic

b: Fatty tunic

c: Vascular tunic

d: Fibrous tunic

d, c, a

The function of the ossicles is to

amplify sound waves and transmit them to the inner ear.

The structure that functions as a diaphragm to control pupil size is the

iris.

Which photoreceptor cells are more numerous?

Rods

The flavor of food depends upon

both olfaction and gustation.

Where is the greatest concentration of cones located?

In the fovea centralis

Arrange the middle ear bones from lateral to medial.

a: Stapes

b: Incus

c: Malleus

c, b, a

Caffeine and unsweetened chocolate both taste bitter, as they are

alkaloids

What part of the retina lacks photoreceptors?

Optic disc

The stereocilia of cochlear hair cells project into the

tectorial membrane.

The fibrous tunic of the eye is composed of two parts. What are they?

The cornea and the sclera