Genes, Chromosomes, and Proteins

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Last updated 7:34 PM on 9/20/26
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6 Terms

1
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What is a gene?

  • A segment of DNA


2
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What is the genetic code?

  • Comes from the order the blocks (nucleotides) are in

  • Each gene has the code (instructions) for putting together one protein


3
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What is the given analogy for chromosomes, genes and nucleotides?

  • Chromosomes are like books

    • Humans have 46 chromosomes

  • Genes are like the chapters in the books

    • Humans have about 20, 000 genes

  • The words and letters in the books are like letters (nucleotides) in the DNA (the code or language of genes)


4
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What does it prove when given evidence that our DNA is very similar to any other living creature?

  • We all came from one common ancestor

  • We share the same genetic code


5
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What does DNA make?

  • DNA is code to make lots of different proteins


6
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Why do genes contain the code for making proteins?

  • Our structure and function are composed of proteins

  • We are made of proteins

    • Hormones (almost all protein), enzymes, muscles, bones, skin, and hair are all made of proteins