CLASSIFICATIONS OF RPD

OBJECTIVES OF REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURE

A. According to Location

B. According to supporting structure

C. According to Materials used

According to Location

1. Unilateral

2. Bilateral

According to Supporting Structure

1. Tooth Borne

2. Tissue Borne

3. Tooth Tissue Borne

According to Materials Used

1. One Piece Casting

2. One Piece Casting (Skeleton Type)

3. Individually Casted Clasp Assembly

4. Wire Clasp Assembly

5. Retention Plate Partial Denture

6. Thermoplastic Nylon Denture Base

Materials

7. Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK)

TYPES OF RPD CLASSIFICATION

A. Based on Restored Condition

B. Based on Unrestored Condition

Examples of classification based on Restored Condition

1. Gummer’s Classification

2. Bechet’s Classification

Examples of classification based on Unrestored Condition

1. Austin-Ledge Classification

2. Kennedy’s Classification

a) Class I, II, III, IV Arch

3. Applegate’s Classification

a) Rule 1 to 8

Components of RPD

A. Major Connector

B. Minor Connector

C. Direct Retainer

D. Indirect Retainer

E. Denture Base

F. Prosthetic Teeth

G. Rest

1. Occlusal

2. Cingulum

3. Incisal

H. Denture Base Retaining Element

1. Lattice

2. Mesh

3. Pinhead

I. Proximal Plate

● Replaces missing tooth or teeth in one side of the arch

only (except for extensive class II Kennedy's

Classification).

● Basis is that the edentulous area does not cross the

midline.

● the edentulous area does not cross the midline

● flexible denture

Unilateral

Example of Unilateral

Nesbit

● Replaces missing tooth or teeth on both side of the

dental arch.

● rpd that gets support from opposing arch

Bilateral

Receives support from the abutment teeth which are

located anteriorly and posteriorly from the edentulous

space.

Tooth borne/ Tooth Supported

● Receives or derives support entirely from tissues or

underlying mucosa and bone

● example: complete denture and rpd without clasps

Tissue Borne/ Tissue supported

Supported by both abutment teeth, mucosa and

underlying bone.

Tooth Tissue Borne

Tooth tissue borne is also referred to as

"TRUE RPD"

-Consists of parts of partial denture (except for denture

base and pontics) that are casted in one piece

-Also called bilateral metal framework

One Piece Casting

Same as one piece casting except this is filled mostly by resin

materials.

One Piece Casting (Skeleton Type)

Only Metal is the Major connector

One Piece Casting (Skeleton Type)

● Assembly only the clasps assembly are casted and the rest are filled by resin materials.

● iccast then ididikit sa abutment

● its clasp is same material as metal framework

Individually Casted Clasp Assembly

Uses orthodontic wires for its clasps and the rest are to be filled up by resin materials.

Wire Clasp Assembly

● Without any clasps assembly, uses the full coverage of the as the means of support and retention of the denture.

● No clasp

Retention Plate Partial Denture

Retention Plate Partial Denture is also called as:

Stayplate

Material that is used on a Retention Plate Partial Denture

Acrylic Resin

It is done when bone isn’t ideal

Retention Plate Partial Denture

Also called as flexible denture

Thermoplastic Nylon Denture Base Materials

Thermoplastic Nylon Denture Base Materials is made up of what material

Nylon or Polyamides

● (CAD CAM made)

Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK)

PEEK stands for?

Polyether Ether Ketone

Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) is fabricated using this technique

Subtracting technique

These type of dentures that are according to materials used are made using Acrylic

1. One Piece Casting

2. One Piece Casting(skeleton-type)

3. Individually Casted Clasp Assembly

4. Wire Clasp Assembly

5. Retention Plate Partial Denture

Tooth tissue supported is a combination of what:

One piece casting and Thermoplastic

• 1st classification introduced.

• 1st professionally recognized

• Diagnonal retainer

Gummer’s Condition

● Most widely used method for classification.

● Proposed by Dr. Edward Kennedy of New York

● Composed of four major categories, denoted Class I

through Class IV.

Kennedy’s Classification

Kennedy’s Classification has numeric sequence explains its occurrence.

Class _ most common

Class _ least common.

Class I most common

Class 4 least common

● Characterized by bilateral edentulous areas located

posterior to the remaining natural teeth.

● edentulous area is dalawa / 2 tooth tissue supported

Kennedy’s Class I Arch

● Displays a unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the remaining natural teeth.

● 1 edentulous area

Kennedy’s Class II Arch

● Presents a unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both anterior and posterior to it.

● 1 edentulous area

Kennedy’s Class III Arch

● Displays a single, bilateral edentulous area located

anterior to the remaining natural teeth.

● It is important to note that the edentulous Space must cross the dental midline

Kennedy’s Class IV Arch

The person that modified and expanded the

Kennedy Classification based on the condition of the

abutment to include 2 additional groups.

Dr. O.C. Applegate (1960)

● It is based less on the number and location of the

remaining teeth and edentulous spaces

● It takes into consideration the capabilities of the teeth, which bound the spaces to serve as abutments for the prosthesis.

APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION

● Classification should follow rather than precede

extractions that might alter the original classification

● Bunot muna bago mag-classify

RULE 1 OF APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION

● If the third molar is missing and not to be replaced, it is not considered in the classification.

● Will not apply on ideal designing

RULE 2 OF APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION

● Rule for ideal designing - ____________; anticipate that the opposing dentition is a full dentition

● Third molar will not be replaced if wala sa opposing dentition

● Rule for ideal designing - Replace the Third Molar; anticipate that the opposing dentition is a full dentition

● Third molar will not be replaced if wala sa opposing dentition

● If a third molar is present and is to be used as an

abutment, it is considered in the classification

● If di gumamit ng third molar, hindi kasali sa classification; pag ginamit, kasali

● Pag di ni-replace, di rin kasa

RULE 3 OF APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION

● If a second molar is missing and is not to be replaced

(that is, the opposing second molar is also missing and

is not to be replaced), it is not considered in the

classification.

RULE 4 OF APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION

RULES OF APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION THAT DOES NOT APPLY ON AN IDEAL DESIGN

RULES 1-4

● The most posterior edentulous area(s) always

determines the classification.

● madami edentulous area

● posterior edentulous area ang basis

RULE 5 OF APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION

● Edentulous areas other than those determining the

classification are referred to as modification spaces and are designated by their number.

● pag mod - bilangin lang yung remaining edentulous

space

RULE 6 OF APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION

The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number of additional edentulous areas

RULE 7 OF APPLEGATE’S CLASSIFICATION

● There can be no modification areas in Class IV arches.

● Any edentulous area lying posterior to the single bilateral area determines the classification.

RULE 8 OF APPLEGATE’S CLASSIFICATION

● The unit of a removable partial denture that connects the parts of one side of the dental arch to those of the other side. Its principal functions are to provide unification and rigidity to the denture

Major Connector

TYPES OF MAXILLARY MAJOR CONNECTOR

1. Palatal Bar

2. Palatal Strap

3. Palatal Plate Connector/Complete Palate

4. Anterior Posterior Palatal Connector/ AP Strap

● Most widely used maxillary major connector.

Anterior Posterior Palatal Connector

Major connector used for tooth supported cases

Palatal Bar

Major connector used when maxillary anterior tooth are missing

Palatal Strap

TYPES OF MANDIBULAR MAJOR CONNECTOR

1. Lingual Bar

2. Lingual Plate

3. Double Lingual Bar

4. Labial Bar

• Most widely used mandibular major connector.

• ● 8mm distance from free gingival margin to lingual frenum

Lingual Bar

The basis for the choice of major connectors on the mandibular arch

Lingual Frenum

Combination of lingual bar and lingual plate. For

diastema.

Double Lingual Bar

For presence of torus mandibularis and periodontally

compromised anterior teeth.

Labial Bar

A unit of a partial denture that connects other components (i.e. direct retainer, indirect retainer, denture base, etc.) to the major connector.

Minor Connector

● The principle functions of minor connectors are to provide ______ and _______ to the denture.

● The principle functions of minor connectors are to provide unification and rigidity to the denture.

● Form the major connector to the other part, connects the major connector

Minor Connector

● A unit of a partial denture that provides retention against dislodging forces.

Direct Retainer

● A direct retainer is commonly called a '___' or '___ ___' and is composed of four elements, 1.___, a 2. _____, a 3. _____ ___ and a 4. ________

● A direct retainer is commonly called a 'clasp' or 'clasp unit' and is composed of four elements, a rest, a retentive arm, a reciprocal arm and a minor connector

Two types of direct retainer

Suprabulge and Infrabulge

● A unit of a Class I or II partial denture that prevents or resists movement or rotation of the base(s) away from the residual ridge.

Indirect Retainer

● The indirect retainer is usually

composed of one component, a ___.

● Only retainer that is required on a Kennedy class _____

● No need on a Class III at IV Classification

• Rest

• Required on a Kennedy Class I and II

• No need on a Kennedy Class III and IV

● The unit of the denture that rests on the foundation

tissues and to which prosthetics teeth are attached.

● The denture base attaches the prosthetic teeth to the denture base retention minor connector which attaches the base to the major connector

Denture Base

Denture base is made of what materials

Acrylic resin or Thermoplastic.

Are artificial teeth used on a denture to substitute for

natural teeth. By substituting for missing natural teeth,

prosthetic teeth provide esthetics and masticatory

functions.

Prosthetic Teeth

Occlusal Rest: Placed on _____

Cingulum Rest: _________(kasi hindi prominent and cingulum sa mandibular canine)

Incisal Rest: _______ ____

Occlusal Rest: Placed on Molar

Cingulum Rest: Maxillary Canine (kasi hindi prominent and cingulum sa mandibular canine)

Incisal Rest: Mandibular Canine

DENTURE BASE RETAINING ELEMENTS

LATTICE

MESH

PINHEAD

Most advisable denture base retaining element.

LATTICE

Denture base retaining element that is not advised because of its retention.

Mesh

Used when restricted mesiodistal edentulous space or

occlusogingival edentulous space.

Ex. Supraerupted Opposing Dentition

Pinhead

When dentition has limited space use this Denture Base Retaining Element

Pinhead

Where does the Proximal Plate is located

Located on a guide plane on the distal surface of the

tooth

● The superior edge of the proximal plate is located at the ___________ (at approximately the junction of the __________ of the guide plane).

● The proximal plate extends ________ so that the distance between the minor connector and the proximal plate is ____________ of the tooth.

● Join the framework at a _____ angle.

● Thin mesiodistally and taper slightly toward the occlusal (incisal), approx. __-__ mm.

● The superior edge of the proximal plate is located at the bottom of the guide plane (at approximately the junction of the occlusal and middle third of the guide plane).

● The proximal plate extends lingually so that the distance between the minor connector and the proximal plate is less than the mesio distal width of the tooth.

● Join the framework at a right angle.

● Thin mesiodistally and taper slightly toward the occlusal (incisal), approx. 1-1.5 mm.

● Proximal plate Extend _____ and contact the mucosa of the ridge crest for ___.

● Proximal plate Extend cervically and contact the mucosa of the ridge crest for 2-3 mm.

Proximal Plate should not be placed in an _______

Should not be placed in an undercut

Functions of Proximal Plate:(6)

1. Permits improved stabilization of the prosthesis.

2. Reunites and stabilizes remaining teeth within the dental arch.

3. Improves retentive characteristics by limiting/defining the path of insertion and removal.

4. Protects the tooth-tissue junction by reducing food impaction between the tooth and the proximal plate.

5. Provides reciprocation during insertion and removal of the prosthesis.

6. Distributes occlusal forces throughout the arch.