AP human geo vocab quiz unit 2

agricultural density

number of farmers per arable land

arithmetic density

number of people divided by land area.

intraregional migration

migration within one region.

intervening obstacle

Presence of a closer opportunity that greatly reduces the attractiveness of sites further away

asylum seeker

someone who says he/she is a refugee, but whose claim has not yet been definitively evaluated.

life expectancy

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live.

brain drain

is the emigration of highly trained or intelligent people from a particular country.

medical revolution

medical technology invented in Europe and north America that has diffused to the poorer countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier.

brain gain

is immigration of highly trained, foreign-born professions into a country to live and work where there are greater opportunities.

migration

Permanent relocation across significant distances. Involves the long-term relocation of an individual, household, or larger group to a new locale outside the community of origin.

census

A complete enumeration of a population

migration transition

A change in the migration pattern in a society that results fromindustralizeation, population growth, and other social and economic changes.

chain migration

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationally previously migrated there.

mobility

All types of movement between location

circulation

Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis.

natural increase rate

crude birth rate minus crude death rate. % a country grows a year excluding migration.

counterurbanization

Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries

net migration

The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.

crude birth rate

live births/1,000 people

overpopulation

A situation in which the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the envornment to support life at a decent standard of living.

crude death rate

deaths/1,000 people

pandemic

The spread of a disease across the globe.

demographic transition (model)

DTM is a theory proposed by an American demographer Warren Thompson. Model shows transition from high birth rates and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.

physiological density

number of people per arable land

demography

the scientific study of population characteristics

population pyramid

A bar graph that represents the distrubiotn of population by age and sex.

dependency ratio

Ratio of persons in the dependent age ranges:Children 0-14 years old. Elderly 65 and over

pull factor

conditions & perceptions that attract a migrant to a place

doubling time

the time in which a country’s population will double - use the rule of 70: divide 70 by growth rate

ecumene

the portion of the Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement

emigration

one who migrates out of a country

epidemic

spread of a disease throughout a region.

epidemiological transition (model)

distintive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.

epidemiology

The branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distrubiton, and control of dieses that are prevent amoung a population at a specific time and are produced by some speacal causes not generally present in the affected locality

forced migration

Migration that’s NOT based on choice

guest worker

A term once used for a worker who migrated to the developed countries of Northern and Western Europe usually from southern and eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of a j=higher paying job.

immigration

one who migrates into a country

infant mortality rate

a baby’s death during its 1st year alive. calculated by babys deathes by 1000 live births.

internal migration

Permanent movement within a particular country.

internally displaced person

People who have been displaced within their own countries but do not cross international borders

interregional migration

moving to a different region within the same country. 

push factor

conditions & perceptions that make a migrant want to leave a place

quotas

In reference to migration, laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year.

refugees

people who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persection because of their race, religion

sex ratio

the number of males to 100 females

total fertility rate

the average number of children a woman will give birth to during her life in a certain area.

unauthorized immigrants

People who enter a country without proper documents to do so.

voluntary migration

Migration that occurs when people have choices & options

zero population growth

A decline of the total fertility rate to thee point where the natural increase rate equals zero.