collegeboard ap bio unit 2

which two cellular organelles in eukaryotes have both electron transport systems and chemiosmotic mechanisms?

c. chloroplast and mitochondria

the manner in which several different ions and molecules move through a cell membrane is shown in the diagram above. for each ion or molecule, the relative concentration on each side of the membrane is indicated. which of the following accurately describes what are the move it's taking place?

d. Na+ transport out of the cell requires ATP hydrolysis

which of the following best predicts the effect of not having ATP available to supply energy to this process?

A. H+ ions will stop moving through the protein

which of the processes is most likely to occur as a result of an animal cell receiving a signal to initiate apoptosis?

c. lysosomes will release digestive enzymes into the cytosol

if ATP break down (hydrolysis) is inhibited, which of the following types of movement across cell membranes is also inhibited?

c. passage of a solute against its concentration gradient

which of the following components of the cell membrane is responsible for active transport?

b. protein

in an experiment, the efficiency of oxygen across a plasma membrane is being assessed in four artificial red blood cells. the table above list of properties of those artificial cells. Other conditions being equal, which artificial cell is predicted to be the most efficient in exchanging oxygen with environment by diffusion?

a. the cuboidal cell

play at cell walls are composed of cellulose, while fungal cell walls are composed of chitin. A group of scientist hypothesize that this different speeds the cell wall has largely different functions in plant cells and fungal cells. alternatively another group of scientist hypothesize that despite their bio chemical differences, play in fungal cell wall serve similar functions. Which of the following observations would best support the alternative hypothesis described here?

B. In both plant cells and fungal cells, the cell wall surrounds the outside of the cell membrane

9. Which of the following describes the most likely location of cholesterol in an animal cell?

A. Plasma membrane

10. The contents of which dialysis tube are initially isotonic to the distilled water in the beaker?

E. 5

11. A net movement of water into the beaker occurs in which of the following dialysis tubes

E. 6

12. To model a plant cell, a permeable, non flexible case is placed around each piece of dialysis tubing. The greatest presssure potential will develop within dialysis tube number?

C. 4

13. Carbon dioxide most likely enters a cell through which of the following processes?

A. Simple diffusion through the membrane

14. The organelle that is a major producer of atp and is found in both heterotrophs and autotrophs is the

E. Mitochondrion

15. Which of the following best explains how molecules such as O2 and CO2 can move across the membrane of a cell?

B. The majority of the cell membrane is non polar which allows small non polar molecules to freely cross

16. Muscle cells have high ATP demands. Which of the following is a scientific claim about how the structure of the mitochondria in muscle cells should be different than it is in other cells because of the high energy the demands of mitochondria?

A. The inner membrane of the mitochondria in muscle cells should have more folds to increase the surface area, allowing more ATP to be synthesized

17. Which of the following statements is true regarding the movement of substances across cell membranes?

A. Ions are unable to move through the phospholipid by layer because the dumb polar tail regions of the phospholipids are hydrophobic

Which of the following is true about the drug test supports the alternative hypothesis that the new drug will exhibit simple diffusion across plasma membrane's?

A. The drug is a small non polar molecule

Paramecia are unicellular protists that have contractile vacuoles to remove excess intercellular water. In an experiment investigation, paramecia were placed in salt solutions of increasing osmolarity. The rate at which the contractile vacuole contracted to pump out excess water was determined and plotted against osmolarity of the solutions, as shown in the graph. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the data?

B. The contraction rate increases as the osmolarity decreases because the amount of water entering the paramecia by osmosis increases

A pathogenic bacterium has been engulfed by phagocytic cell as part of the nonspecific (innate) immune response. Which of the following illustrations best represents the response?

C. Bacterium to lysosome then out

Which of the following correctly shows the order in which protein X move through the cell?

A. ER to golgi. To lysosomes

22. The same procedure was repeated with the second protein protein why if the function of why is protein processing in packaging, the most radioactivity would be found in the

A. Golgi app

23. In graphing the data from this experiment, the sampling time would be shown on the X axis because

E. Sampling time is the independent variable

24. A student placed a semi permeable February and inside a U-shaped channel with two chambers, I showed. The membrane permits the moving of water but not so. The student wants to bury the rate of osmosis that occurs across the membrane. Which of the following experimental design 12 result is the fastest that rate of water move it into chamber a?

A. Placing salt water in chamber a and distilled water in chamber b

25. The figure above represents a rough endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following best describes the role of the structure labeled y?

C. . Structure y is the location where proteins are synthesized

26. Which of the following best predicts which diagram to buy Chris view the lavatory worker would see the best explains why?

C. (Isotonic) view two because the rate of water movement into the rcbs equals the rate of water movement out of the cells

27. Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion are related in that both

B. Depend on a concentration gradient

28. The investigation is aimed at understanding how molecular size affects movement through a membrane. Which of the following best represents the amount of starch, water, and glucose in the dialysis bag over the course of the investigation?

A. Starch in middle water rounding going over and glucose rounding going under

29. Based on the data which type of cell would be best suited for the lighting the alveoli of the lungs, where diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen must occur very rapidly?

A. Simple squamous cells

30. The approximate molarity of the solution in which the Vasona plate pieces were not change is?

C. .3 M