COORDINATION,RESPONSE and HOMEOSTASIS

FLASHCARDS

What is the role of the nervous system?

The nervous system's role is to coordinate and regulate body functions in response to changes in the environment.

True or False?

Information passes along neurones in the form of electrical impulses.

True.

Information is passed along neurones and between the different parts of the nervous system in the form of electrical impulses.

Which two components make up the central nervous system (CNS)?

The CNS is made up of the:

brain

spinal cord

What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of?

The PNS consists of the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord.

What is the neurone type shown in the image?

Diagram of a neuron showing a cell body with organelles in the centre of the axon, and a nerve impulse being transmitted away from a sensory receptor.

The neurone shown in the image is a sensory neurone. It can be identified by the position of the cell body.

Diagram of a neuron showing a cell body with organelles in the centre of the axon, and a nerve impulse being transmitted away from a sensory receptor.

What is the neurone type shown in the image?

Diagram of a short neurone with many branches extending from the cell body. A red arrow indicates the direction of signal transmission along the axon toward the terminals.

The neurone shown in the image is a relay neurone. Relay neurones can be identified because they are short and have a small cell body at one end with many dendrites.

Diagram of a short neurone with many branches extending from the cell body. A red arrow indicates the direction of signal transmission along the axon toward the terminals.

What is the neurone type shown in the image?

Illustration of a neuron with a cell body and a long axon.

The neurone is a motor neurone, identifiable by its long axon with a large cell body at one end.

Illustration of a neuron with a cell body and a long axon.

True or False?

The nerve impulse travels toward the cell body in all neurone cells.

False.

A nerve impulse travels towards the cell body in sensory neurones and away from the cell body in motor and relay neurones.

What are reflex actions?

Reflex actions are automatic, rapid responses to a stimulus that do not involve conscious thought.

Write a flow diagram to represent a reflex arc.

A flow diagram that represents a reflex arc would be as follows:

receptor → sensory neurone → relay neurone → motor neurone → effector

True or False?

Sensory neurones in a reflex arc connect receptor cells with the conscious brain.

False.

Sensory neurones in a reflex arc connect receptor cells with relay neurones in the CNS.

While there are some reflex arcs that involve the brain, the brain regions involved are not connected with conscious thought.

What is a relay neurone?

A relay neurone is a neurone within the CNS that connects sensory and motor neurones.

What is the role of a motor neurone in a reflex arc?

Motor neurones in reflex arcs connect relay neurones with effectors.

True or False?

Effectors are muscles and sense organs.

False.

Effects are muscles and glands.

Define the term synapse.

A synapse is a junction between two neurones where a very small gap exists between one neurone and the next.

Define the term neurotransmitter. (Extended Tier Only)

Neurotransmitters are chemical signalling molecules used to transfer signals between neurones at synapses.

True or False?

Electrical impulses can jump across the gap at a synapse. (Extended Tier Only)

False.