ch 2 oral cavity and pharynx

Facial

Structures closest to the facial surface

Labial

Structure is closest to the lips

Buccal

Facial structures close to the cheek

Lingual

Structures closest to the tongue

Palatal

Lingual structures closest to the palate

Vestibules

Upper and lower horseshoe shaped spaces in the oral cavity between the lips and cheeks interiorly and the teeth and their soft tissues medially a posteriorly

Oral mucosa

Oral vestibules line by mucous membrane

labial mucosa

Inner parts of the lips are lined by a pinkish

Buccal mucosa

Lines inner cheek

Buccal fat pad

Buccal mucosa covers against pad of underlying fat tissue with the posterior part of each of Vestibule

Mastication

Buccal fat pad acts as protective cushion during

parotid papilla

Inner part of Buccal mucosa Just opposite the maxillary second molar is a small elevation tissue

Parotid duct

Parotid papilla protects the opening of the dot, or known as Stetson duct, Of the parotid salivary gland

Vestibular fornix

Deep within each vestibule

Alveolar mucosa

Pinkish labial mucosa or Buccal mucosa meets the redder. At mucobuccal fold

Labial frenum

Fold of tissue At the midline between labial mucosa and alveolar mucosa on the upper and lower dental arches

fordyce spots

On the surface of Labial and Buccal mucosa . Visible as small yellowish elevations on the oral mucosa

Linea alba

White Ridge of calloused tissue that extends horizontally at the level where the maxillary and mandibular teeth come together and include small ridges of white tissue can be present on tongue perimeter. On Buccal mucosa

Body of the maxilla

Superior to teeth and contains maxillary sinus

Body of the Mandible

Heavy horizontal part of the lower jaw inferior to teeth

Alveolar process

alveolar Bone is the bony extension for both the maxilla and the mandible that contain each tooth socket or alveolus

Periodontal ligament

Bony surface of the alveoli that the teeth are attached to And allows tooth movement within the alveolus while supporting tooth

Roots and crown

Mature and fully erupted teeth consist of both.

Enamel

Hard outer layer that crown of tooth is composed of

Dentin

Moderately hard layer overlying pulp of Tooth

Cementum

Dentin layer continues to cover the soft tissue of the pulp of the tooth in the roots, but the outer most layer of the root is composed of

Dental arches

Alveolar Processes with the teeth in the alveoli

Maxillary arch And Mandibular arch

maxillary teeth and Mandibular teeth

Maxillary tuberosity

Distal to the last tooth of the maxillary arch is a tissue covered elevation of the bone

Retromolar pad

Dense part of tissue located distal to the last tooth of the mandibular arch

Tooth types

Primary teeth or Permanent teeth, incisors, canines, and molars Or premolars

Exostoses

Less than common variation present, usually on the facial surface of the alveolar process of the max arch

Mandibular torus

Present on the lingual surface of the mandibular arch

Gingiva or gingival

Pink firm oral Mucosa Surrounding maxillary and mandibular teeth in the alveoli And covering the alveolar processes are the soft tissue gums

Mucogingival junction

Line of demarcation between the Firmer and pinker attached gingiva and the removable and redder alveolar junction , that lines the vestibules in the scallop shaped

Marginal gingiva

At gingival margin of each tooth which forms a cuff above the neck of the tooth

Free gingival groove

Separates The marginal gingiva From the attached gingiva

Free gingival crest

At most coronal part of the marginal gingiva

Interdental gingival

Gingiva tissue between adjacent teeth, adjoining their attached gingiva with each individual extension being an interdental papilla attached. Attached Gingiva may have areas of melanin pigmentation.

Oral cavity proper

Inside of mouth

Fauces

Opening from the oral cavity proper into the pharynx or throat

anterior and posterior faucial pillar

Fauces Are formed laterally on each side

Palatine tonsils

Located between the folds of tissue created by underlying muscles and what patients consider their tonsils they can become enlarged when involved with inflammation

Palate

Roof of mouth

Hard palate

Bony interior arch part

Incisive papilla

Small board of tissue at the most interior part of the hard palate it is lingual to the interior teeth

Palatine rugae

Firm, irregular ridges of tissue radiating from the incisive papilla

Soft palate

Yellower, looser, And softer posture, your part of the palate

Uvula

Midline muscular structure hangs down from the posterior margin of the soft palate

Median Palatine raphe

Overly body fusion of the palate

Pterygomandibukar fold

Extends from the junction of hard and soft pallets down to the mandible just posterior the most distal, mandibular tooth and stretches when the mouth is open to wider

Palatal torus

Similar to the mandibular torus in presentation And etiology

Base of tongue

Pharyngeal part posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Body of Tongue

Anterior 2/3 of tongue

Apex of tongue

Tip of tongue

Dorsal surface of tongue

Top and has midline depression called the median lingual sulcus corresponding to the position of a midline structure deeper in the tongue infusion tissue area

Lingual papillae

Certain surfaces of the tongue have small elevated structures of specialized mucosa

Filiform Lingual papillae

Has dorsal surface Dorsal surface it’s velvet texture, Slender thread, like whitish lingual papillae

Fungi form Lingual papillae

Reddish small mushroom shaped dots on the Dorsal surface

Sulcus terminalis

Posteriorly on the dorsal surface of the tongue and more difficult to see clinically in an inverted V shaped groove

Circumvallate lingual papillae

Line up along the anterior side of the sulcus Terminalis On the body

Foramen cecum

Sulcus terminalis points backward toward the throat is a small pit like depression

Lingual tonsil

Posteriorly. On the dorsal surface of the base of the tongue is an irregular mass of tissue

Lateral surface of tongue

Has vertical ridges the foliate lingual papillae

Ventral surface of tongue

Has Large visible blood vessels, The deep lingual veins, Which pass close to the surface

Plica fimbriata

Lateral to each deep lingual vein. With fringe like Projections

Sublingual fold

Which of tissue on each side of the floor of the mouth, Joints in a V shaped configuration, extending from Lingual Frenum to the base of the tongue

Lingual frenum

Anterior midline fold Of tissue between the ventral surface of the tongue and the floor of the mouth

Sublingual caruncle

Small papilla At the interior end of each sublingual fold contains openings of submandibular duct and sublingual duct

Pharynx

Deep structure of throat And a muscular tube that has both respiratory and digestive system functions

Nasopharynx

Division of the pharynx Superior to the level of the soft palate, Which is continuous with the nasal cavity

Oropharynx

Division between the soft palate And opening of the larynx

Laryngopharynx

Inferior division of them pharynx Close to the laryngeal opening

Floor of mouth

Inferior to ventral surface of tongue