PC2 MOD 4.1.6

HHV family

double stranded linear DNA

HHV a B and gamma proteins

a/B= enzymes or DNA binding proteins

gamma= structural binding proteins

HSV

HSV1= “fever blisters”

HSV2= “genital lesions”

HSV transmission

• contact w/person shedding virus

• come in contact with broken skin

• becomes latent in dorsal root ganglia

• oropharyngeal= trigeminal ganglia

• genital= sacral ganglia

HSV eye/CNS infection

can be severe

keratoconjunctivitis= lead to permanent opacification & blindness

meningitis/encephalitis- high mortality rate

HSV dx

PCR preferred basically DNA test provides most accurate results for those with S/S of virus

if pt has no S/S of virus a blood test can be performed to detect antibodies

HSV tx

acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir

FOS & CID

VZV primary infection

highly contagious

primary= varicella/chickenpox

reactivation= zoster/shingles

VZV dx

Varicella

usually dx based on lesions

IgG ELISA= testing for immunity

PCR assays= uses skin lesions for confirmation of infection

zoster

direct fluorescent antibody staining of cells

PCR assays on skin lesions

VZV tx

varicella usually no treatment but for high risk patients: acyclovir, valacyclovir, & famciclovir, IVIG can be considered

zoster= systemic antivirals like the ones mentioned above & pain meds

CMV

infectious mononucleosis

spread multiple ways involving contact

recommended to isolate infected newborns from other newborns to prevent spread

CMV dx

PCR assays on blood, CSF, urine

CMV tx

ganciclovir, valganciclovir, CID & FOS

EBV

targets B cells

most common 90% in adults

EBV can sometimes lead to cancer

infectious monoclueosis

cancers from EBV

burkitt lymphoma- tumor of jaw

nasopharyngeal carcinoma

hodgkin & non-hodgkin lymphoma

gastric carcinoma

EBV dx

PCR assay

latex agglutination “SPOT TEST” = acute EBV dx

heterophile= spot test

EBV tx

NO ANTIVIRAL TX