AP CSP - Unit 1 Vocab

Beginning state of a scratch

- visibility of sprites
- the backgorund image
- the value of a variable
- al of the above

• all of the above

Source Code

• After a computer programmer writes a code, it is then compiled and usually used to create an executable file to be run on the CPU. It is then run through the compiler which is known as source code.

• programs written in high level languages.

Machine Code

Programs written in machine-level instructions that are uniquely read by computer processors using patterns of 1s and 0s.

Binary Code (Bit)

• a coding system using the binary digits 0 and 1 to represent a letter, digit, or other character in a computer or other electronic device.

• Bit - Short for binary diigt which is a single binary value (0 or 1).

RAM

Random Access Memory consists of tiny electrical circuits that dynamically store frequently used program instruction to increase speed of the system.

Float

Number that has decimal place, can be a type of variable. (3.4, 2, 6.7, 9)

Boolean

Variable that is either true or fase. (True or False)

Integer

A whole number; a number that is not a fraction that is used in programs. (1,2,3,4)

String

A series of characters at any length. Can be a type of variable. (“Hello World”)

Abstraction

• One of the seven big ideas - technique in computing that hides detail, makes more complicated ideas simpler, and collects a bunch of ideas into a single idea.

• assinging a set of complicated stuff to a bloc so you don’t have to right all the codes again an dcan jsut use that block to represnt that set of codes

7 Big Ideas

• Creativity.

• Abstraction.

• Data and Information.

• Algorithms.

• Programming.

• The Internet.

• Global Impact.

Creativity

One of the seven big ideas - the use of the imagination or original ideas.

Data and Information

One of the seven big ideas - emphasizes how computers are used to analyze data and create new knowledge.

Algorithms

One of the seven big ideas - the process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.

• set of actions

The Internet

One of the seven big ideas - a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.

Global Impact

One of the seven big ideas - focuses on how computing and technology has impacted our world positively and negatively.

Programming

One of the seven big ideas - The action or process of writing computer programs.

Natural Language

A complex, but structured language, both written and spoken, that has evolved naturally in humans through use, repetition, and adaptation.

High - Level Language

A programming language that is easier for humans to read, write, and parse. Guaranteed to be unambiguous.

• provides programmers with more abstractions and are easier for people to read.

Low - Level Language

a programming language that has little or no abstraction and communicates closely to the hardware using machine language. Less natural for humans. (can be expressed by binary digits).

Block Based Programming

doesn’t require the programmer to worry about syntax, capitalization, or punctuation.

Compilation

process of source code being translated into machine code.

Selection

Uses "if...then" to tell a computer how to select a step or to tell the sequence that it should be executed.

Iteration

Repetition - one complete step of a loop, repeated until a certain condition is met. (Repeatedly applying a process with the goal of coming closer and closer to a solution)

Sequencing

Executes statements one at a time - in order, one after another.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The processor or brains of the computer where calculations take place.