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Placebo effect

Hiệu ứng giả dược The placebo effect shows how powerful the human mind is.

Serious practice of pharmacology

Ngành dược học nghiêm túc Fake drugs were once seen as a joke in the serious practice of pharmacology.

Rival

Đối thủ cạnh tranh Merck was falling behind its main rivals in drug sales.

Cheaper generic products

Các sản phẩm thay thế giá rẻ Generic products flooded the market after the patent expired.

Pre-eminence

Vị thế vượt trội, sự ưu việt The company launched a new strategy to restore its pre-eminence.

Anti-depressant

Thuốc chống trầm cảm They invested millions in developing a new anti-depressant.

Trail behind

Tụt lại phía sau Merck trailed behind other competitors in the mental health sector.

Hinge

Phụ thuộc vào, xoay quanh The success of the plan hinges on the approval of the new drug.

Clinical trial

Thử nghiệm lâm sàng The medication is currently undergoing its final clinical trial.

Exploit

Khai thác, lợi dụng The new drug exploits brain chemistry to improve mood.

Unravel

Sụp đổ, vỡ lở Behind the scenes, the clinical trial results began to unravel.

Inert substance

Chất trơ (không có tác dụng sinh học) A placebo is often just a pill filled with sugar or another inert substance.

Venture

Cuộc phiêu lưu, dự án mạo hiểm Their venture into the new market ended in failure.

In the jargon of the industry

Theo thuật ngữ chuyên ngành In the jargon of the industry, crossing this line means the trial failed.

Futility boundary

Ranh giới vô ích The drug trial failed because it crossed the futility boundary.

Undone

Bị vô hiệu hóa, bị phá hỏng Years of research were undone by the strong placebo effect.

Falter

Suy yếu, chao đảo Sales of the old medication began to falter in recent years.

Stake

Rủi ro, mức đặt cược With billions of dollars invested, the stakes could not be higher.

Handful

Một vài, một nắm The outcome depends on a handful of successful tests.

Doggedly

Một cách bền bỉ, kiên trì Researchers worked doggedly to uncover the truth behind the results.

Uncover

Khám phá, làm sáng tỏ They hope to uncover the inner workings of the human brain.

Psychiatrist

Bác sĩ tâm thần The psychiatrist noticed that his patients responded well to placebo.

Baffle

Làm bối rối, làm kinh ngạc Scientists were baffled by the strong response to fake pills.

Prescribe

Kê đơn thuốc Doctors have been prescribing this medicine for decades.

Overlook

Bỏ qua, bỏ sót Researchers realized they had overlooked a crucial factor in the trial.

Comb through

Rà soát kỹ lưỡng He combed through thousands of patient records to find a pattern.

Aggregate

Tổng hợp, gom lại They aggregated data from multiple trials over the last ten years.

Assumption

Giả định, sự suy đoán The study challenged basic assumptions about how drugs work.

Drug-vetting

Quy trình kiểm duyệt thuốc The drug-vetting process requires strict testing before approval.

Unsettling prospect

Viễn cảnh đáng lo ngại It was an unsettling prospect that trial locations could change the results.

Gauge

Đo lường, đánh giá Standard tests are used to gauge patient improvement.

Vary

Chênh lệch, thay đổi Test scores can vary significantly between different hospitals.

Find out

Phát hiện ra, tìm ra They were surprised to find out that location affected the outcome.

The judge

Giám khảo, người đánh giá The judges in the study could not agree on the final results.

Coercion

Sự thúc ép, ép buộc After some coercion from experts, the institute agreed to fund the study.

Devise

Thiết kế, nghĩ ra Researchers devised a new experiment to test patient responses.

Bogus

Giả, không thật Patients experienced real relief even from bogus treatments.

Persist

Kéo dài, tiếp tục tồn tại The positive effects of the placebo persisted for several weeks.

Widespread

Phổ biến, rộng khắp There is a widespread belief that fake drugs only work for a short time.

Short-lived

Diễn ra trong thời gian ngắn, ngắn ngủi Many thought the placebo response was short-lived, but they were wrong.