HIST 1302 Exam 1 Giesenschlag

Abraham Lincoln original view on slavery

opposed to slavery and wanted to stop the spread

Abraham Lincoln original goal of the war

save the Union

Compensated Emancipation

Paying slaveholders to free their slaves

Emancipation Proclamation

Proclamation issued by Lincoln, freeing all slaves in rebelling states, did not abolish slavery

John Wilkes Booth

was an American stage actor who, as part of a conspiracy plot, assassinated Abraham Lincoln

Edwin Stanton

Lincoln's Secretary of War who was outwardly disloyal to President Johnson and acted as a spy for the Radical Republicans in Congress. It was his dismissal that precipitated Johnson's impeachment hearing

Tenure of Office Act

1866 - enacted by radical congress - forbade president from removing civil officers without senatorial consent - was to prevent Johnson from removing Stanton

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general, commander of the Army of Northern Virginia

Who was the Marble Man?

Robert E. Lee, criticizing him was unwise for politics

George McClellan

union general, 1st commander, overly cautious, fired by Lincoln

William T. Sherman

general whose march to sea caused destruction to the south

Ulysses S. Grant

the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.

Amnesty Act of 1872

gave forgiveness to former Confederates and Whites in the South and allowed them to vote again, took effect in 1873

Army Bill

Made all military-related Presidential orders go through the General in Chief of US Army

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States of America, spent 3 years in jail but no one could prove treason.

Alexander Stephens

He was the vice-president of the Confederacy, later elected to the Senate (Georgia)

James W. Throckmorton

Texas Governor elected in 1866, Democrat

James Longstreet

Confederate General, Lee's right hand man, "Old War Horse"

E.J. Davis

Reconstruction Governor. A Texan and radical Republican who had fought for the Union in the Civil War. He was elected governor of Texas in 1869.

Richard Coke

Democrat whose election as governor marked the end of Reconstruction in Texas

Texas Constitution of 1869

The reconstruction constitution, empowered Radical Republicans

Texas Constitution of 1875

Constitution we function under now, "Can Texas...? No", amended over 500 times, gutted Governor office of appointing powers, written by Yeoman farmers

Sam Davis

Boy Martyr of the Confederacy, executed as a spy and didn't rat his friends out

James B. Duke

Made tobacco a profitable crop in the modern South, endowed Duke University

Andrew Johnson

17th President of the United States, A Southerner form Tennessee, V.P. when Lincoln was killed. He opposed radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. The first U.S. president to be impeached, he survived the Senate removal by only one vote. He was a very weak president.

10% Plan of Reconstruction

Lenient on South--1863

1) 10% of its voters must swear loyalty to Union

2) new government had to abolish slavery

3) offered amnesty to confederates who swore loyalty to Union

"swing around the circle"

speaking campaign of US President Andrew Johnson in which he tried to gain support of his mild Reconstruction policies

Charles Sumner

A leader of the Radical republicans, Massachusetts Senator

Benjamin Wade

radical republican and an Ohio Senator

What motivates Radical Republicans?

Revenge, idealism, politics, & separation of powers

"dancing the tyburn jig"

execution-by-hanging

"Lorena"

a mournful ballad soldiers on both sides sang

"Home sweet home"

A favorite song sang by soldiers on both sides

"weeping, sad and lonely"

a song repeatedly banned, but soldiers on both sides still sang it

13th amendment

Abolition of slavery

14th amendment

Rights of Citizens

15th amendment

gave African American men the right to vote

Booker T. Washington

Prominent black American, born into slavery, was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881. Supported segregation

W.E.B. DuBois

Opposed Booker T. Washington. Wanted social and political integration. Founder of the Niagara Movement which led to the creation of the NAACP.

"Oh, be joyful"

soldiers homemade alcohol

"Waving the bloody shirt"

Vote getting strategy for the Republicans, don't vote Democrat because they started the war.

Thaddeus Stevens

A Radical Republican who believed in harsh punishments for the South. Pennsylvania congressman

Atlanta, GA

Destroyed during "Sherman's March", rebuilt during reconstruction, showed the "New South", famous for coca-cola and transportation

Birmingham, AL

Not a major city prior to civil war, successful milling and textile industries

South Pittsburg, TN

Home of the large cast-iron

"Lost Cause"

The phrase many white southerners applied to their Civil War defeat. They viewed the war as a noble cause but only a temporary setback in the South's ultimate vindication

Redeemers/Bourbons

Name given to Southern Democrats after Reconstruction that brought white supremacy back to the South

Deadliest shot in civil war

Stomach

Why would people enlist? (Union)

Patriotism, free slaves, adventure, money, glory, politics

Why would people enlist? (Confederacy)

Defending family/community

% of foreign born soldiers

25%- Union, 9-10% Confederacy

Slaves role in the war

10% of Union soldiers were colored, Confederate slaves worked as rear echelon (cooks, baggage carriers)

Non-rebelling slave states

Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware

Whig Programs

Transcontinental RRs, modern corporation, canals, tariffs, land giveaway

Homestead Act

1862 - Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration.

Why did Reconstruction end?

Election of 1876; Compromise of 1877; people were tired and wanted to move on

"Solid South"

A term used to describe the tendency of the southern states to vote Democratic after the Civil War.

Lamar

Father of Texas Education

Yeoman Farmers

Wrote Constitution of 1875, "Retrenchment (cut the budget) and Reform"

Building Boom of Monuments

1875-1920, for those who fought in the civil war (Lee, Sam Davis, Stonewall Jackson)

Virginia City, Nevada

Comstock Lode, lead created the town, named after Henry "Ol Pancake" Comstock who did not actually own the original claim

Grand Isle, Nebraska

advertised as middle of the US=future capital

Two most important businesses in new towns

Shebang (general store) and Newspaper (promoted the town)

Helena, Montana

hotbed of copper, expensive food, mostly men, women were typically prostitutes

Wild Bill Longley

traumatized by the civil war, psychopathic murderer, 4,000 people came to his execution

Bill Hickhock

best friend was a prostitute named Calamity Jane, killed holding Aces & 8's- dead man's hand

John Wesley Harden

controversial folk icon, shot in El Paso

Bat Masterson

Buffalo hunter, good shot

Marshall Ben Thompson

Austin,TX, silk top hat, best shot in Texas

Shanghai Pierce

dove out of a window at a bar