Types of Government and Economic Ideologies

Flashcards about Types of Government and Economic Ideologies

What is a government?

A group of people that has the power to rule in a territory, according to the law.

What are the advantages of Capitalism?

Dominant in developed countries and linked to economic growth.

What are the disadvantages of Capitalism?

Focused on profit and emphasizes consumption.

What are some examples of countries with a Capitalist economy?

United States, United Kingdom, Japan

What are the advantages of Socialism?

There is a balance between wealth and earnings, and equal access to healthcare and education.

What are the disadvantages of Socialism?

People are unmotivated to develop, and the government has too much control.

What are some examples of countries with a Socialist economy?

Vietnam, Laos, Denmark, Finland

What are the advantages of Communism?

It embodies equality and doesn’t allow business monopolies.

What are the disadvantages of Communism?

It hampers personal growth and the government has the power to dictate and run the lives of citizens.

What are some examples of countries with a Communist economy?

China, Cuba, North Korea

What are the advantages of Feudalism?

Organized system of protection.

What are the disadvantages of Feudalism?

Divided the rich and poor, and no independence.

What are some examples of countries with a Feudalist economy?

England (1066-1347), Japan (until 1800s)

What are the advantages of Dictatorship?

Power is centralized in a single person, and complete control of military and police.

What are the disadvantages of Dictatorship?

Dictator can abuse citizens who oppose his rule.

What are some examples of countries with a Dictatorship?

Sudan, Burma, Zimbabwe

What are the advantages of Theocracy?

Single state-supported religion encourages political and social unity, and leaders make decisions in line with their citizens and their beliefs.

What are the disadvantages of Theocracy?

Citizens who do not believe in the religion of the majority can have their rights abused.

What are some examples of countries with a Theocracy?

Vatican City, Tibet under Dalai Lama, Egyptian Pharaohs

What are the advantages of Constitutional Monarchy?

History and traditions are preserved.

What are the disadvantages of Constitutional Monarchy?

It makes progression difficult with traditions and customs, and the monarch cannot be removed.

What are some examples of countries with a Constitutional Monarchy?

England, Norway, Thailand

What are the advantages of a Republic?

Elected representatives, individualism, and the power of voting.

What are the disadvantages of a Republic?

Decision making is time consuming and promotes divide.

What are some examples of countries with a Republic?

United States, France, Greece, Turkey

What are the advantages of an Oligarchy?

Decisions happen rapidly and debate still exists.

What are the disadvantages of an Oligarchy?

No check to the status quo, free speech falls to the wayside, and the middle class is squeezed out.

What are some examples of countries with an Oligarchy?

Bolivia, Mexico

What are the advantages of Democracy?

Open for change, offers representation for the people, and promotes equality.

What are the disadvantages of Democracy?

Chance of corruption, can lead to the wrong choice in leadership, and favors the majority.

What are some examples of countries with a Democracy?

United States, Canada, United Kingdom

What are the advantages of Fascism?

Speeds up the decision making process and prioritizes the welfare of the country.

What are the disadvantages of Fascism?

Paves the way for abuse of power, can widen the gap between the rich and poor, and prevents freedom of speech.

What are some examples of countries with Fascism?

Italy, Germany

What is a government?

A group of people that has the power to rule in a territory, according to the law. This ensures order, provides services, and protects its citizens.

What are the advantages of Capitalism?

Dominant in developed countries and linked to economic growth. It encourages innovation, efficiency, and provides a wide variety of goods and services.

What are the disadvantages of Capitalism?

Focused on profit and emphasizes consumption. This can lead to income inequality, exploitation of resources, and market failures.

What are some examples of countries with a Capitalist economy?

United States, United Kingdom, Japan. These countries feature free markets, private ownership, and competition among businesses.

What are the advantages of Socialism?

There is a balance between wealth and earnings, and equal access to healthcare and education. It aims to reduce poverty and provide basic necessities for all citizens.

What are the disadvantages of Socialism?

People are unmotivated to develop, and the government has too much control. It can lead to inefficiencies, lack of innovation, and limited individual freedoms.

What are some examples of countries with a Socialist economy?

Vietnam, Laos, Denmark, Finland. These countries have significant government intervention in the economy and social services.

What are the advantages of Communism?

It embodies equality and doesn’t allow business monopolies. It aims to eliminate social classes and provide for everyone's needs.

What are the disadvantages of Communism?

It hampers personal growth and the government has the power to dictate and run the lives of citizens. It often leads to authoritarianism, economic hardship, and suppression of dissent.

What are some examples of countries with a Communist economy?

China, Cuba, North Korea. These countries have state-controlled economies and single-party rule.

What are the advantages of Feudalism?

Organized system of protection. It provided social stability and mutual support during times of conflict.

What are the disadvantages of Feudalism?

Divided the rich and poor, and no independence. It created rigid social hierarchies and limited opportunities for social mobility.

What are some examples of countries with a Feudalist economy?

England (1066-1347), Japan (until 1800s). These societies were characterized by land ownership, vassalage, and decentralized political control.

What are the advantages of Dictatorship?

Power is centralized in a single person, and complete control of military and police. Decisions can be made quickly and efficiently.

What are the disadvantages of Dictatorship?

Dictator can abuse citizens who oppose his rule. It often leads to human rights abuses, political repression, and corruption.

What are some examples of countries with a Dictatorship?

Sudan, Burma, Zimbabwe. These countries have authoritarian leaders who hold power through force or coercion.

What are the advantages of Theocracy?

Single state-supported religion encourages political and social unity, and leaders make decisions in line with their citizens and their beliefs. It provides a moral framework for governance and can foster a sense of community.

What are the disadvantages of Theocracy?

Citizens who do not believe in the religion of the majority can have their rights abused. It can lead to religious intolerance, persecution, and discrimination.

What are some examples of countries with a Theocracy?

Vatican City, Tibet under Dalai Lama, Egyptian Pharaohs. These societies are/were governed by religious leaders or divine law.

What are the advantages of Constitutional Monarchy?

History and traditions are preserved. It provides continuity and stability while adapting to modern governance.

What are the disadvantages of Constitutional Monarchy?

It makes progression difficult with traditions and customs, and the monarch cannot be removed. It can hinder reforms and perpetuate outdated practices.

What are some examples of countries with a Constitutional Monarchy?

England, Norway, Thailand. These countries have monarchs who serve as symbolic heads of state, while elected officials handle day-to-day governance.

What are the advantages of a Republic?

Elected representatives, individualism, and the power of voting. It ensures accountability, protects individual rights, and promotes civic engagement.

What are the disadvantages of a Republic?

Decision making is time consuming and promotes divide. It can lead to political gridlock, polarization, and inefficient governance.

What are some examples of countries with a Republic?

United States, France, Greece, Turkey. These countries have elected officials who represent the citizens' interests.

What are the advantages of an Oligarchy?

Decisions happen rapidly and debate still exists. It can lead to efficient decision-making while still allowing for diverse viewpoints.

What are the disadvantages of an Oligarchy?

No check to the status quo, free speech falls to the wayside, and the middle class is squeezed out. It often leads to corruption, inequality, and suppression of dissent.

What are some examples of countries with an Oligarchy?

Bolivia, Mexico. These countries are/were influenced by small groups of powerful individuals or families.

What are the advantages of Democracy?

Open for change, offers representation for the people, and promotes equality. It ensures accountability, protects individual rights, and promotes civic engagement.

What are the disadvantages of Democracy?

Chance of corruption, can lead to the wrong choice in leadership, and favors the majority. It can lead to political gridlock, polarization, and inefficient governance.

What are some examples of countries with a Democracy?

United States, Canada, United Kingdom. These countries have free and fair elections, protect civil liberties, and uphold the rule of law.

What are the advantages of Fascism?

Speeds up the decision making process and prioritizes the welfare of the country. Decisions can be made quickly and efficiently.

What are the disadvantages of Fascism?

Paves the way for abuse of power, can widen the gap between the rich and poor, and prevents freedom of speech. It often leads to human rights abuses, political repression, and aggression.

What are some examples of countries with Fascism?

Italy, Germany. These countries had totalitarian regimes that glorified the state and suppressed individual freedoms.