NDT 1

NUTRIENTS

chemical substance found in food that is essential for the body’s growth, maintenance, repair, and regulation of physiological functions. 

MACRO NUTRIENTS

Nutrients that the body needs in large amounts, usually measured in grams (g) per day. They provide energy (calories) and serve as the building blocks of body tissues. 

CARBOHYDRATES

body’s primary and preferred source of energy, especially for the brain, nervous system, and working muscles.

PROTEINS

are complex organic molecules made up of amino acids, which are often called building blocks of life. Essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Production of enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.

FATS

are organic compounds composed mainly of fatty acids and glycerol. They are the body's most concentrated source of energy and play important structural and regulatory roles.

MICRO NUTRIENTS

Helps Absorb Fat-Soluble Vitamins. Necessary for the absorption of vitamins A, D, E, and K. They do not provide energy.

VITAMINS

are organic compounds required in small amounts to regulate metabolic reactions, support growth, and maintain normal physiological function.

VI

VITAMIN A

• Helps vision (especially night vision)

• Supports the immune system

  • Helps maintain healthy skin and tissues

VITAMIN D

• Helps absorb calcium

• Keeps bones and teeth strong

• Supports muscle and immune function

VITAMIN E

• Acts as an antioxidant (protects cells from damage)

• Helps support immune function

VITAMIN K

• Helps blood clot properly

• Supports bone health

VITAMIN C

• Helps make collagen (important for skin, blood vessels, bones, and wound healing)

• Helps the immune system function

• Acts as an antioxidant

B VITAMINS

• help your body convert food into usable energy (ATP).

• They do not provide energy themselves, but they help the enzymes that turn carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into ATP.

VITAMIN B1 THIAMINE

• Convert carbohydrates into energy

• Support nerve function

VITAMIN B2 RIBOFLAVIN

• Energy production

• Maintaining healthy skin and tissues

VITAMIN B3 NIACIN

• Energy metabolism

• Making NAD/NAD⁺, molecules involved in ATP production

VITAMIN B5 PANTOTHENIC ACID

• Make coenzyme A, which is important for breaking down fats and carbohydrates

VITAMIN B6 PYRIDOXINE

• Protein metabolism

• Making neurotransmitters (brain chemicals)

VITAMIN B7 BIOTIN

• Fat and carbohydrate metabolism

VITAMIN B9 FOLATE

• DNA production

• Making new cells

• Red blood cell formation

• Very important during pregnancy because it supports normal development of the baby's nervous system.

VITAMIN B12 COBALAMIN

• Making red blood cells (maturation. oxygen)

• Maintaining nerves

• DNA production