US History Midterm Studyguide

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Hiram Revels

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30 Terms

1

Hiram Revels

The first African American U.S. Senator, served Mississippi during Reconstruction (1870-1871).

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2

Reconstruction

The post-Civil War period focusing on rebuilding the South, integrating freed slaves, and restoring Southern states to the Union (1865-1877).

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3

13th Amendment

Abolished slavery in the United States.

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4

14th Amendment

Granted citizenship and equal protection under the law.

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5

15th Amendment

Granted Black men the right to vote.

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6

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire

A tragic event in 1911 resulting in 146 worker deaths, prompting labor and safety reforms.

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7

Scabs

Workers who replace striking employees, often viewed negatively by unions.

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8

Ellis Island

Immigration processing center in NYC for European immigrants from 1892 to 1954.

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9

Angel Island

Immigration station in California processing Asian immigrants, often subjected to stricter scrutiny.

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10

Chinese Exclusion Act

1882 law banning Chinese labor immigration due to anti-Chinese sentiment.

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11

Americanization Movement

Efforts to assimilate immigrants into American culture through education and social programs.

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12

Nativism

Favoring native-born citizens and promoting anti-immigrant policies.

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13

Melting Pot

Metaphor for cultural assimilation in the U.S.

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14

Plessy v. Ferguson

1896 Supreme Court case that upheld racial segregation under 'separate but equal'.

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15

Poll Tax

A voting fee targeting poor African Americans, used to disenfranchise them.

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16

Grandfather Clause

Exempting voting restrictions for whites based on their ancestors.

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17

Jim Crow Laws

State laws enforcing racial segregation in the South.

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18

NAACP

Founded in 1909 to fight racial discrimination and promote civil rights.

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19

Bull Moose Party

Progressive Party led by Theodore Roosevelt in the 1912 presidential election advocating reforms like women’s suffrage and labor rights.

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20

Prohibition

Aims to ban alcohol production, sale, and consumption to reduce social problems like crime and alcoholism.

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21

19th Amendment

Granted women the right to vote, ratified in 1920.

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22

Seward’s Icebox

Nickname for the U.S. purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1867, initially seen as a foolish investment.

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23

Yellow Journalism

Sensationalized, exaggerated news reporting to attract readers and influence public opinion.

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24

Casualties in WWI

The United States had the fewest casualties due to its late entry into the war in 1917.

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25

Neutrality

Policy of staying out of conflicts, initially adopted by the U.S. during WWI.

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26

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne; his assassination in 1914 sparked WWI.

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27

Allied Powers in WWI

Primarily comprised of France, Britain, Russia, Italy, and later the United States.

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28

Selective Service Act

1917 U.S. law requiring men to register for military draft.

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29

No Man’s Land

The deadly, unoccupied area between opposing trenches during WWI.

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30

Treaty of Versailles

1919 treaty ending WWI that imposed harsh penalties on Germany and redrew European borders.

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