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DHCP pools
A DHCP server chooses an IP address to assign from a pool of available addresses.
Address reservation
A certain IP address is assigned to only ONE device and will never be given to another. - configured based on MAC address (burned in on NIC)
DHCP leases
For dynamic addressing; after a lease period is up, that IP address will no longer belong to that device; if it connects to that network again, it will be reassigned another.
T1 timer
Checks in with DHCP server 50% through the lease time to renew IP address; if the lease is renewed, the timer will reset.
T2 timer
If DHCP doesn't respond, lease timer will continue, 7/8ths of the way through the lease the device will try renewing with any available DHCP server again.