hinduism kjdshfksjdh

induism

"one ocean, many names

dravidians

darker skinned

aryans

lighter skinned

hinduism

sanatana dharma/eternal religion

- one of the oldest religion

hindu

population in india that are not christian or muslims

sanatan dharma

eternal religion when hinduism was believed to be the oldest religion

dharma

what holds the universe together, means "duty", "correct practice", and "truth"

vedas

sacred writings

vaidika dharma or "religion of the vedas"

veda

"knowledge" in sanskrit

shruti scripture

"that which is heard"

fundamental elements of hindu philosophy and morality

rig veda

best known veda

sama veda

repeats hyms of rig veda

yajur veda

litanies, prayers, and prose

atharva veda

reflects concerns of people who have to wrestle day by day within jealousy lust hatred and fear

samhitas

hymns dedicated to gods and goddesses

brahmanas

explications of the samhitas and oteher ritual acts performed by priests

aranyakas

philosophical interpretations of ritual acts

upanishads

general philosophical knowledge

smirti scriptures

secondary scriptures, stories and advice from sages

mahabharata

poem, 15 times longer than the bible about war among fam members

ramayana

shorter epic poem abt kingship and royal virtues

dharma shastras

legal treaties, importance of practicing virtue

bhagavad gita

"song of the lord", one of the books in mahabharata.

puranas

stories that depict sectarian divisions within hinduism

brahman

many gods, one principle

trimurthi

bramah, vishnu, shiva

brahma

the creator

- least worshipped of the three main gods

- four heads, recites vedas continually

vishnu

preserver

- vishnu comes to protect when times of danger

- come to earth in 9 bodies

shiva

destroyer

- worshipped by quarter of all hinus

- destroys so he control death

caste system

bramin, kshatriya, vaistrya, sudras

brahmin

preist

kshatriya

warrior and administratos

vaistrya

famers, merchants, teachers, artisans

sudras

servants, laborers

atman

soul in every living being

reincarnation

wheel of rebirth which means the soul is reborn from one life form to another

karma

action, consequences of ones action

samsara

cycle of birth, death, rebirth

moksha

release from the wheel of samsara

samkhya

atheistic philosophy that is based on the writings of samkhyakarikas

yoga

acheive sattvic state

mimasma

concerns the proper interpretation of righteous action

vaisheshika

foundational ingredients that make up the universe are nine

nyaya

concerned with logic and establishment of proof

vedanta

emphasis on the upanishads

yajna or homa

fire ritual where offerings are made to the fire god agni

puja

worship of deities, involving flowers, fruits, incense and other items

havan

making offerings to the fire accompanied by the chanting of vedic mantras

vivaha

wedding

namakarana

naming ceremony

annaprashana

first solid food

upanayana

sacred thread ceremony

antyesti

funeral rites

shraddha

ancestor worship

durga puja and navaratri

festivals dedicated to the goddess durga

diwali

festival of lights