Ethics

Ethics

Moral Properties

Deontic Status

Normative Factors

Moral Principles

Ethical Theories

Consequentialism

Utilitarianism

Welfare

Deontology

Deontology constraints

Moral Dilemmas

Asimov’s Three Laws

Egalitariamism

Moral rights

Negative liberties

Positive liberties

Biological Outsourcing Ex.

cooking, sanitation, clothing, vehicles

Cognitive Technologies

any external system that can enhance or offload a cognitive function by becoming integrated with a biological cognitive system, the basis of outsourcing

Cognitive artifacts

external, physical cognitive technology

What leads to cognitive outsourcing?

high internal demands, limited processing resources

What mediates offloading?

metacognitive judgement, where the agent assesses the demands of a task relative to own resources

What happens when offloading goes from assistance to dependance?

metacognitive confidences drop, self-reinforces

leads to cognitive outsourcing.

What generates cognitive demand?

the task and social expectations

Cognitive sendentarism

reduced exercise of our cognitive capacities as more mental work is pushed to external systems

cognitive debt

outsourcing produces an immediate performace benefit while deferring cognitive costs that can emerge later

Cognitive sustainability

Cognitive artifacts should offload enough to augment performance while preserving effort, reflection, memory, retrieval, and agency

Cognitive outsourcing

the more cognitive processes offloaded onto artifacts, the less reliece on internal counterparts.

The intelligence paradox

more intelligent artifacts → more availability for outsourcing → more outsourcing → less reliance on our own intelligence

thus, the more intelligent our artifacts, the less we rely on our own intelligence.

Parity Principle

when offloading through an artifact, if the artifact is sufficiently integrated into the person’s mental activity to the point where it’s almost a biological process, then that artifact becomes an extension of the mind.

What happens when cognitive processing becomes available publically?

it’s treated as an external resource

What happens when combining cognitive outsourcing and the market economy?

if accessing better artifacts is a matter of price, then access to cognitive processing becomes stratified by economic power.

What is the philosophical foundations in liberal political theory of free markets?

1. Promote Pareto improvement: make at least one party better off without making another worse

2. Promote positive liberties + autonomy: allow individuals to pursue their own ends

Blocked Exchanges

economic transactions that should be prohibited or regulated even when all parties are willing to participate freely

What leads to blocked exchanges?

nature of goods (cause harm, violate rights/liberties), norms governing allocation (goods are okay, but selling access to it violates norms by which its supposed to be distributed.)

Commodification

certain non-commercial goods becoming subject of market exchanges

What are the main issues with commodification?

markets have norms for production, distribution, and exchange, and applying these norms to certain goods fails to value them appropriately

Attention Markets

commodify access to influence over attention