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What is industrial microbiology?

A branch of microbiology that focuses on the use of microorganisms in industrial processes to produce valuable products such as antibiotics, enzymes, biofuels, fermented foods, and bioplastics.

What are the two common methods used for microbial cultivation?

Batch culturing and Continuous culturing.

How does batch culture operate?

Batch culture grows microorganisms in a limited supply of nutrients until depletion occurs, with environmental changes over time.

What is a key feature of continuous culture?

Nutrients are supplied continuously during the fermentation process, maintaining a steady environment.

What type of metabolites is batch culture suitable for producing?

Secondary metabolites such as antibiotics.

What type of metabolites is continuous culture suitable for producing?

Primary metabolites such as organic acids and amino acids.

What is the yield comparison between batch and continuous cultures?

Batch culture yields are low, while continuous culture yields are significantly high.

What is a characteristic of the internal environment in batch culture?

It changes with the progression of the fermentation process.

How does labor demand differ between batch and continuous cultures?

Batch culture has less labor demand while continuous culture requires more labor.

What is the chance of contamination in batch culture compared to continuous culture?

The chance of contamination is less in batch culture as opposed to being higher in continuous culture.