Lab 3 Terrestrial Ecosystems (Birds)

Pied-billed Grebe

DIET

- Aquatic insects, cray fish and small fish

---------------------------

BEAK:

- sharp beak

- not flat

- slightly hooked

- bill having black vertical band

- bill is short and stubby

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Lobed

Green-winged Teal

DIET:

- seeds

- gasses

- small invertebrates

---------------------------

BEAK

- small bill compared to other ducts

---------------------------

FEET MORPHOLOGY

- webbed

Red-tailed Hawk

DIET:

- carnivorous (meat eater)

---------------------------

BEAK

- sharp

- hooked

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Raptorial

American Kestrel

MALE: blue-gray wings

FEMALE: rufous (reddish brown) wings

---------------------------

DIET

- carnivorous (meat eater)

---------------------------

BEAK:

- sharp

- hooked

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Raptorial

Northern Flicker

DIET

- omnivorous (both plant and animals)

---------------------------

BEAK

- long and thin

- sharp

---------------------------

FEET MORPHOLOGY

- Zygodactyl

Extra Northern flicker notes

- Flickers have a sticky tongue

used for feeding on ants

- Woodpeckers have a "hyoid apparatus which cushions the brain during intense drilling

-------------------------

HYOID APPARATUS:

- foldable series of bone lies within the tongue

- originates in the roof of the mouth, around the back of the skull to enter the mouth through the right nostril.

- To extend the tongue the bones straighten out.

Acorn Woodpecker

CALL (VOCAl or mech?)

DIET:

- omnivorous (both plants and animals)

- MOSTLY INSECTS

---------------------------

MODE OF CAPTURE

- forging/digging

---------------------------

BEAK:

- long

- thick

---------------------------

FEET MORPHOLOGY

- Zygodactyl

Mourning Dove

CALL (mech of vocal?)

DIET

- herbivores (plant/seeds)

---------------------------

BEAK

- small

- curved

- sharp

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Rock Dove

DIET

- herbivores (plants/seeds)

---------------------------

BEAK

- sharp

- short

- small curve

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Yellow-rumped Warbler

Audubon call

DIET

- Omnivorous (both plants and animals)

---------------------------

BEAK

- straight

- thin bill

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Ruby-crowned Kinglet

DIET

- carnivorous (meat eater)

- MOSTLY INSECTS

---------------------------

MODE OF CAPTURE

- plucking

---------------------------

BEAK

- small

- thin

- straight bill

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

California Scrub Jay

2 CALLS

DIET

- omnivorous (both plants and animals)

---------------------------

BEAK

- thick (in the coast ranges to help open acorns)

- straight

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Northern MockingBird

DIET

- Omnivorous (both plants and animals)

---------------------------

BEAK

- long thin bill

- slim

- small downward curve

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Yellow-Billed Magpie

DIET

- Omnivorous (both plants and animals)

---------------------------

BEAK

- bright yellow

- thick

- small

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Golden-Crowned Sparrow

DIET

- green seedlings and seeds of weeds; insects.

---------------------------

BEAK

- uniform dusky gray along its entire length

- upper beak is darker than lower beak

- bicolored bill

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

White-Crowned Sparrow

DIET

- Omnivorous (both plants and animals)

---------------------------

BEAK

- yellow bills

- small

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Brewers Blackbird

DIET

- insects, mainly Lepidoptera, and beetles

- some fruit.

---------------------------

BEAK

- straight

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Red-winged Blackbird

DIET

-Mainly carnivorous

-grain and weed seeds.

---------------------------

BEAK

- slender

- conical bill

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

American Goldfinch

DIET

- seeds

---------------------------

BEAK

- conical bill

- orange

- short

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Black Phoebe

DIET

- Carnivorous (meat eater)

- prey is taken on the win by sallying out of the perch in short flights out and back

---------------------------

BEAK

- straight

- thin

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Anna Hummingbird

CALL (vocal or mech?)

MALE = deep rose head and throat

FEMALE= dull in coloration

---------------------------

DIET

- nectar

- tiny insects.

---------------------------

BEAK

- short

- straight

- slender

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

House Sparrow

DIET

- seeds

- insects,

- handouts from humans

---------------------------

BEAK

- stouter

- black bill

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

House Finch

DIET

- Herbivorous (plants/fruits/seeds)

---------------------------

BEAK

- large

- thick beaks

- gray color

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

European Starling

DIET

- forages for grubs

- worms and insects

- seeds

- trees for fruit.

---------------------------

BEAK

- long

- slender

- yellow bill

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

California Quail

MALE= larger head projection

FEMALE= shorter head projection

---------------------------

DIET

- seeds

- grass

- other foliage

- fruits

- few insects.

---------------------------

BEAK

- small

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

American Robin

CALL

DIET

- mainly carnivorous

---------------------------

BEAK

- black (young) => Yellow with black tip (adult)

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Great Egret

DIET

- Feeds on fish and other aquatic prey.

---------------------------

BEAK

- long

- yellowish-orange

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Webbed

Great blue Heron

DIET

- fish and small mammals

---------------------------

BEAK

- dagger-like

- long

- skyward

- yellow colored

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Webbed

Double-crested Cormorant

DIET

- dives for fish

---------------------------

BEAK

- thin

- strongly hooked bills

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Webbed

Barn swallow

DIET

- omnivorous (both plant and animals)

---------------------------

MODE OF CAPTURE

- captures insect prey on the wing

---------------------------

BEAK

- small

-wide

- short

- pointy

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Cliff swallow

DIET

- carnivorous (meat eater

---------------------------

MODE OF CAPTURE

- captures insect prey on the wing

---------------------------

BEAK

- small

- short

- pointy

---------------------------

FOOT MORPHOLOGY

- Anisodactyl

Permanent resident of widespread inhabitant occurrence

- Red-tailed Hawk

- American Kestrel

- Killdeer

- Barn Owl

- Great Horned Owl Brewer's - Blackbird Red-winged

- Blackbird House Finch

Permanent resident species of woodland and chaparral

- California Quail

- Northern Flicker

- California Towhee

- Dark-eyed Junco

- White-crowned Sparrow

- American Goldfinch

Winter resident species of woodland and chaparral

- yellow-rumped warbler

- golden-crowned sparrow

Migrant species of woodland and chaparral

western tanager

permanent resident species of grassland

western meadowlark

Summer resident species of woodland and chaparral

cliff swallow

Which species would you expect during fall or leave during spring

- yellow-rumped warbler

- Golden-crowned Sparrow

Which species would you expect to arrive in the spring and leave in the fall

cliff swallow

dark-eyed junco

DIET: INSECTS AND SEEDS

beak: wide, narrow, short, pointy

feet:anisodactyl