Pcc Johnson Elements of Nutrition Chapter 7-8 test (minus V+M table)

Fat soluble vitamins Description

Require dietary fat to be absorbed

Transported like fats through lymph system

Excess may be stored fat tissue

What vitamins are fat soluble?

A, D, E, K

Water Soluble vitamins description

Require water to be absorbed

Transported through the blood stream

Excess usually excreted in urine

What vitamins are water soluble

B and C

Vitamin definition

Essential, ORGANIC, non energy providing micronutrients needed for growth reproduction and general health

Oxidation

Oxygen combines with other molecules

Free Radicals

unstable oxygen-containing molecules that can damage the cells of the body and possibly contribute to the increased risk of chronic diseases

AMD

age-related macular degeneration

Bioavailability

the degree to which a nutrient is absorbed from foods

What is more bioavailable? : Fat or water soluble

Water soluble

In what foods are vitamins more bioavailable ?

animal foods

How do you avoid degradation in vitamins ?

Avoid exposure to oxygen

Avoid soaking foods in water

Avoid unnecessary exposure to heat

Keep food cool

Hypervitaminosis

Ingesting more of a vitamin than the body needs

Provitamins

Substances found in foods that can be converted into a vitamin

What stores Vitamin A

the Liver

What stores Vitamin D

Fat and Muscle

what is essential for healthy cells and nerves and transmitting lipids and is found in milk, liver,eggs,wheat germ, and peanuts

Choline

What is needed for fat metabolism and is found in animal foods

Carnitine

What helps cells generate energy

Lipoic acid

What is needed for healthy cell membranes

Inositol

How to get vitamins

Real foods

Fortified foods

Vitamin supplements

What percent of your body is water ?

50-60%

What is the fluid inside cells

intracellular fluid

What is the fluid outside the cells

extracellular fluid

What is the fluid between the cells

interstitial fluid

What is the fluid in blood or lymph vessels

Intravascular fluid

Charged ions that conduct electrical currents

Electrolytes

What influences the direction of water flow?

Electrolytes

What fluid is a universal solvent

Water

What is the thirst mechanism

It signals dehydration

What triggers thirst

A higher concentration of electrolytes in blood

What triggers kidneys to concentrate urine ?

Antidurete Hormone ADH

What is the cornerstone method

Weigh before and after exercise any weight you lose is how much water you need

What is hyponatremia

Too little sodium In blood

What is the male standard of water intake ?

13 cups , 104 oz

Inorganic elements essential to good health

Minerals