Paychoactive substances, and substance use disorder

Chemical substances that alter perception and mood

psychoactive drugs

Disorder characterized by continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

substance use disorder

Chemical substances that alter perception and mood

psychoactive drugs

Disorder characterized by continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

substance use disorder

Substances that calm neural activity and slow body functions are…

depressants

Substances that temporarily excite neural activity and arouse body functions are…

stimulants

Substances that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images (i.e., make you hallucinate) are…

hallucinogens

Amphetamines, caffeine, cocaine, ecstasy, methamphetamines, and nicotine are all examples of…

stimulants

Alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates (including codeine, fentanyl, heroin, methadone, and morphine) are all…

depressants

Psychedelic drugs like LSD and weed are considered to be…

hallucinogens

___ triggers dopamine and serotonin to be excessively released, then blocks reuptake of those neurotransmitters. Also produces feelings of alertness and euphoria, but the depletion of serotonin and dopamine means those sensations are brief, so there's a quick "euphoria-to-crash" track.

cocaine

_ stimulate neural activity; called "mother drug" because of its many derivatives (including meth and ecstasy)

amphetamines

True or False: Ecstasy is a stimulant but has hallucinogenic effects as well

True

Alcohol, opioids, and sedatives/tranquilizers (barbiturates) _ the nervous system's functions, which can reduce anxiety and induce sleep. (However, can also impair judgement and memory.)

slow/depress

Diminished self-control and social functioning, along with health risks (from physical illness to death) are symptoms of _ disorder.

substance use

When the brain is consistently flooded with artificial opioids, it may stop producing its own natural opioids, which drives user to take higher and higher doses. This creates a condition known as…

tolerance

When someone has a tolerance for a drug, _ occurs if that drug is withdrawn. (also called withdrawal)

agony

Drugs that excite/increase neurotransmitter action are called…

agonists

Drugs that inhibit a neurotransmitter's action by blocking acetylcholine release (which can then lead to decreased mobility or even paralysis) are known as…

antagonists

True or False: Acid and weed can both cause hallucinations, but simple oxygen deprivation can do this as well. Because oxygen deprivations will turn off the brain's inhibitory cells, neural activity will increase in the visual cortex, causing hallucinations.

True