Hartman medical assisting chapter 6

1st step to respond to an emergency

assess the situation

2nd step to respond to an emergency

assess the victim

3rd step to respond to an emergency

call for help or get someone to get help

4th step to respond to an emergency

remain calm

5th step to respond to an emergency

complete an incident report

first aid

the first emergency care given to a patient

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

medical procedures used when a person's heart or lungs have stopped working.

Carotid pulse

pulse located to the side of the trachea; taken on the side closest to you

brachial pulse

the pulse located inside the elbow; about one and half inches above the elbow

automated external defibrillator (AED)

device attached to a patient to analyze heart rhythm and deliver a shock, if needed, to restore a normal heart rhythm.

obstructed airway

A condition in which something is blocking the tube which air enters the lungs

abdominal thrusts

a method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking

shock

a condition that occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply.

syncope

loss of consciousness; also called fainting.

epistaxis

nosebleed

myocardial infarction (MI)

a condition that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen because blood f low to the heart is blocked; also called heart attack.

insulin reaction

a complication of diabetes that can result from either too much insulin or too little food; also known as hypoglycemia.

epilepsy

a brain disorder that results from a disruption in normal electrical impulses in the brain, which causes repeated seizures.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

a complication of diabetes that is caused by having too little insulin in the body.

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

a condition that occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain; also called stroke.

emesis

the act of vomiting, or ejecting stomach contents through the mouth and/or nose.

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

a warning sign of a CVA/stroke resulting from a temporary lack of blood supply to the brain.

Signs of shock

pale skin, staring, increases pulse and respiration, low blood pressure, and extreme thirst

Signs of choking

obstructed airway, silent coughing, cyanosis, and inability to speak/breath/cough

signs of heart attack

sudden severe pain in chest, nausea, heartburn, cold and clammy skin, low blood pressure, and pale skin; symptoms vary by sex

signs of poisoning

vomiting, difficult breathing, drowsy or confused, and burns around the mouth

signs of fainting

dizziness, pale skin, nausea, perspiration, weak pulse, and blackness in visual field

signs of insulin reaction

hunger, headache, low blood pressure, blurred vision, rapid pulse, cold and clammy ski, numbed lips and tongue

signs of diabetic ketacidosis

Fruity breath, increased hunger or thirst, increased urination, abdominal pain, headache, rapid and weak pulse, dry skin, flushed cheeks, and drowsiness

signs of seizures

severe shaking, thrusting limbs, jaw clenching, drooling, and inability to swallow

signs of TIA or CVA

facial numbness, slurred speech, severe headache, ringing in ears, arm numbness, slow pulse, redness in face

acronym of stroke

Face, Arms, Speech, Time

ergonomics

designing equipment to make it safer for use

OSHA identifies 4 hazards

chemical hazards, physical hazards, biological hazards, and safety hazards

Hazard Communication Standard

OSHA's system of identifying potential hazards in the workplace.

safety data sheet (SDS)

sheet that explains every detail about a chemical and its hazards

body mechanics

the way the parts of the body work together when a person moves

posture

the way a person holds and positions their body

lever

something that moves an object by resting on a base of support

proper alignment

feet and body pointed toward direction of movement, avoid twisting at waist, keep objects close

proper base of support

wide base is more stable, stand with legs shoulder-width apart

proper center of gravity

weight is centered in pelvis, low center for greater support, bend knees when lifting

aerosolize

to disperse a substance through the air in such a way that it might be inhaled.

acronym for fire extinguisher

Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, Sweep back and forth

acronym for fire safety

Remove anyone from danger, Activate alarm, Contain the fire if possible, Extinguish the fire

conscious

the state of being mentally alert and having awareness of surroundings, sensations, and thoughts.