(Module 3D) Muscles of the Posterior Leg
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21 Terms
What are the 3 major superficial muscles of the posterior knee and leg muscles?
Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris
Which two muscles insert into and form the Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon?
Gastrocnemius and Soleus
The Gastrocnemius and Soleus insert into and form what tendon?
Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
What is the general function of the Gastrocnemius?
Plantarflexes the ankle and flexes the knee
What is the general function of the Soleus?
Plantarflexes the ankle
What is the general function of the Plantaris?
Weakly assists with plantarflexion of the ankle
What are the 4 major deep muscles of the posterior leg muscles?
Popliteus, Flexor digitorum longus, Flexor hallucis longus, Tibialis posterior
Mnemonic for the deep muscles of the posterior leg muscles?
Tom, Dick, and Harry
What is the major action of the Popliteus?
Unlocks the knee
What is the major action of the Flexor digitorum longus?
Flexes toes 2-5
What is the major action of the Flexor hallucis longus?
Flexes great toe
What is the major action of the Tibialis posterior?
Inverts the foot
The "Tom, Dick, and Harry" phrase refers to the _____, _____, and _____ respectively.
Tibialis posterior; Flexor digitorum longus; Flexor hallucis longus
The Calcaneal tendon is formed primarily by what 2 anatomical structures?
Gastrocnemius + Soleus
How does a Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon rupture often occur?
Forceful push-off
What happens and what is heard during a Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon rupture?
May produce an audible "snap" with sudden posterior calf/ankle pain
What action is effectively lost after a Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon rupture?
Plantarflexion/push-off (and walking)
What physical finding may be palpated after an Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon rupture?
A gap may be palpable proximal to the calcaneal attachment
The Gastrocnemius and Soleus form the __________ and contribute to the Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon.
Triceps surae
What 2 muscles serve as major plantarflexors of the ankle?
Gastrocnemius and Soleus
Which muscle only weakly assists with plantarflexion of the ankle?
Plantaris