Bio EXAM 2 VACCINES

capsid

The protein coat that surrounds the nucle acid of a virus

lytic cycle

viral life cycle that results in bursting of the host cell.

prophage

viral genome that has inserted itself into the genome of its host.

lysogenic cycle

viral life cycle in which the virus inserts its genome into the genome of its host, where it may remain dormant for long periods.

bacteriophage

virus that specifically infects bacteria.

Which of the following pathogens causes mad cow disease?

A viroid

A prion

A virus

A bacterium

prion

What is an emerging virus?

A virus that has just come to the attention of scientists

A virus that contains an emerging capsid

A virus that has been known to researchers for a long time

A virus that emerges out of the patient's body

A virus that has just come to the attention of scientists

The introduction of smallpox to the Americas by Europeans in the colonial era devastated populations of Native Americans. However, now very few people are vaccinated against the smallpox virus. Why?

The smallpox virus is in the lysogenic stage of the life cycle.

Humans have evolved natural immunity to smallpox virus.

Smallpox virus has been eliminated from the earth by vaccination of most of the people alive today.

• The bacteria that serve as hosts for the smallpox virus are extinct.

Smallpox virus has been eliminated from the earth by vaccination of most of the people alive today.

capsid to a virus is equivalent to a

to a bacteria.

Plasmid

Cell wall

Plasma membrane

Flagellum

Cell wall

outer protein coat of a virus is called the —

capsid

recognition spike

nucleic acid

plasma membrane

capsid

Why is an annual vaccine needed to prevent illness from the influenza virus?

• Vaccines are filtered out of the bloodstream by the kidneys.

• The flu virus evolves quickly.

• The flu vaccine does not produce memory cells.
  The flu vaccine quickly breaks down in the body.

• The flu virus evolves quickly.

infectious circular piece of RNA that can infect plants is called a _

virus

prion

viroid

capsid

viroid

How do viruses make copies of themselves?

• By targeting their host cell for cell death

• By using the cellular machinery of the host cell they infected

• By digesting the host cell they infected
  By taking the nutrients of the host cell they infected

By using the cellular machinery of the host cell they infected