coding final

Binary

a way of representing information using only two options

Bit

a contraction of "Binary Digit"; the single unit of information in a computer, typically
represented as a 0 or 1. Any pair of opposites (on/off), (yes/no), (A/B), etc. On a computer, bits
are just a bunch of electrical impulses; either the electric impulse is on or off.

Byte

8 bits is equal to one byte. One byte is equal to a character on your keyboard. Type the
first letter of your name to convert the text to binary. You'll see that one character consists of 8
bits

Image

A type of data used for graphics or pictures

Metadata

is data that describes other data. For example, a digital image may include metadata
that describes the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution, provides information about the data set

Pixel

the fundamental unit of a digital image, short for "picture element", typically a tiny
square or dot that contains a single point of color of a larger image

Hexadecimal

A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct symbols 0-9 and A-F to
represent numbers from 0 to 15

RGB

the RGB color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added
together in to reproduce a broad array of colors

Big Data

a broad term for datasets so large or complex that traditional data processing
applications are inadequate

Moore’s Law

a predication made by Gordon Moore in 1965 that computing power will double
every 1.5-2 years, it has remained more or less true ever since. This law is about computing
power, not data, but data growth seems to follow the same trend

Excel query

A way to extract a dataset stored on the Internet

Excel Flash fill

works by examining the pattern of data in the cell next to where you are typing

CSV

abbreviation of “comma-separated values,” this is a widely used format for storing data

Concatenate

an Excel text function used to join multiple strings of data to form a single
string

Quantitative

data type can be counted or measured, and all values are numerical

Discrete

data type is numerical and has a finite number

Continuous

data type is measured and has a value within a range

Categorical

data type can be sorted according to a group

Non-contiguous

a way to select cells in Excel that are not next to each other (such as selecting
data in column A and column D). Use the Ctrl key on a Windows computer to make non-
contiguous selections

Aggregation

a computation in which rows from a data set are grouped together and used to
compute a single value of more significant meaning or measurement. Common aggregations
include Average, Count, Sum, Max, Median, etc

Pivot (Summary) Table

a table that shows the results of aggregations performed on data from
a larger data set, hence a "summary" of larger data. Spreadsheet software typically calls them
"pivot tables"