TRIGLYCERIDES

What is the structure of a triglyceride (TAG or TG)?

A triglyceride consists of one glycerol molecule esterified to three fatty acids.

What is the primary role of triglycerides in the body?

Triglycerides serve as a deposit and storage form of fatty acids for energy production.

Where are exogenous triglycerides absorbed?

In the small intestine.

How are exogenous triglycerides digested before absorption?

Broken down by pancreatic lipase into

monoglycerides,

diglycerides,

fatty acids,

glycerol in the presence of bile acids and salts

What happens to triglycerides inside enterocytes?

They are reassembled and incorporated into chylomicrons, →

then released into the lymphatic system and blood.

Where are endogenous triglycerides synthesized?

In the liver and adipose tissue by esterification of fatty acids to glycerol.

What dietary habits increase the synthesis of triglycerides?

A diet high in sugars and alcohol.

How are triglycerides transported in the blood?

Chylomicrons transport exogenous triglycerides.

VLDL, LDL, HDL transport endogenous triglycerides.

Major carriers: VLDL and chylomicrons

What is the threshold for high triglyceride levels in the blood?

Triglycerides >150 mg/dL

What are the lifestyle treatments for high triglyceride levels?

Low glucose and low fat diet.

No alcohol or smoking.

Regular exercise.

Increase omega-3 intake (e.g., from fish