NUR 111 Basic Care Review - Hygiene, Bathing, Catheter Care, Death Preparation, and Sleep

A comprehensive set of Q&A flashcards covering hygiene assessment, bathing, perineal care, catheter care, death preparation, and sleep-related topics from the lecture notes.

In a focused hygiene assessment, which topics should be included?

Daily/weekly bathing habits; pain; history of mouth, eye, ear, or nose issues; how teeth/mouth/dentures are cleaned; hair care; sensory aids (glasses/contacts, hearing aids); piercings or tattoos and how they are cared for; perineal or vaginal health problems; incontinence, catheters, surgery/childbirth, ostomies, etc.

Describe self-care, partial care, and complete care.

Self-care: fully independent; Partial care: needs some assistance; Complete care: complete assistance, fully dependent on the nurse.

What is the purpose of bathing?

Clean the skin; promote relaxation; improve circulation and musculoskeletal mobility; promote comfort; provide sensory input; support self-image; assess integumentary system; educate patients on hygiene.

Why are disposable wipes used over basins and water for bathing?

Superior infection control; prevent cross-contamination; increased convenience/time-efficiency for staff; potential for improved skin health for patients.

When are Chlorhexidine Gluconate Baths indicated?

To clean catheter lines or central lines, and for preparation for surgery; not used for the face.

What interventions can prevent patient injury during a tub/shower bath?

Use mats or nonskid strips, handrails and/or a shower chair; a child or confused adult should not be left alone in the tub; assist the client in and out of the shower; keep the door unlocked; check water temperature.

Describe the process of providing a complete bed bath for a patient.

Gather supplies; provide privacy and perform hand hygiene; offer toileting first; raise bed to a comfortable working height; drape with blanket and remove gown/top coverings; wash face first; wash the body systematically (arms/trunk then lower extremities); roll the patient to access the posterior.

How should dirty linen be carried and where should it be placed?

Roll all soiled linen and place it in a blue linen bag away from your body.

What type of razor should be used for a patient on an anticoagulant?

Electric razor.

How should the nurse wipe a client’s eyes?

With a dampened cloth using water or saline from inner canthus to outer canthus.

When should a patient’s hands be washed with soap and water?

When hands are visibly soiled.

Describe how to care for a patient’s feet.

Bathe feet daily; dry completely; apply lotion to the tops and bottoms of toes (not between toes); nails kept at moderate length; apply clean socks.

What position should a patient be placed into for complete mouth care if they are unconscious?

Head turned to the side.

How do you care for a patient’s dentures?

Rinse with lukewarm water after brushing/cleaning; place overnight in a container with water.

Describe the steps in perineal care for a male.

Explain procedure and wash hands; clean tip using circular motion; if uncircumcised, pull foreskin down, wipe, then replace; wipe scrotal area; turn to the side and wipe butt front to back.

Describe the steps in perineal care for a female.

Explain procedure and wash hands; remove soiled brief; spread labia and clean to butt front to back; dry the area; turn patient to side and clean butt; dry area, apply moisture cream if needed, and replace clean brief.

Describe how to care for an indwelling catheter.

Empty drainage bag, measure and record urine input; bag stays below the level of the bladder; ensure the bag is not on the floor and not being tugged.

What is StatLock and where is it placed?

StatLock is placed on the thigh to stabilize and secure the catheter.

When should the catheter drainage bag be emptied?

No more than half full.

What should be done to clean the catheter tube during care?

Wipe the tube with Chlorhexidine wipes.

When can an external catheter not be used?

Not recommended for patients with frequent incontinence of bowel.

Describe steps in preparing a patient’s body for viewing after death.

Maintain privacy; remove all tubes/lines (cannot be removed if autopsy, organ donation, or medical examiner case); remove personal belongings; cleanse and align the body supine with pillow under head, arms and palms down, eyes closed, dentures in; apply fresh linens with an absorbent pad and gown; remove excess supplies and soiled linens; dim lights and minimize noise.

What does NPO mean?

Nothing by mouth.

What does dysphagia mean?

Difficulty swallowing.

How is a patient positioned to eat?

Sitting upright with the bed at 90 degrees; High Fowler’s position.

What are the consequences of poor sleep?

Inability to concentrate; poor judgment; moodiness and irritability; increased risk for accidents; potential links to obesity, depression, hypertension, diabetes, heart attack, and stroke.

Describe insomnia.

Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, awakening too early, or not feeling refreshed.

Describe sleep apnea.

Five breaths cessations lasting longer than 10 seconds per hour during sleep, resulting in decreased arterial oxygen saturation.

Describe narcolepsy.

Sudden attacks of sleep that are often uncontrollable.

Describe hypersomnolence disorder.

Excessive daytime sleepiness lasting more than 3 months, impairing social and vocational activities.

What interventions can a nurse do to promote sleep?

Help the client establish a bed routine; avoid waking the patient at night; provide a quiet hospital environment; assist with personal hygiene to promote comfort; administer appropriate medications (e.g., melatonin, eszopiclone, zolpidem); provide earplugs and eye masks if appropriate.

What education should a nurse provide to help patients improve sleep?

Limit exercise to at least 3 hours before bed while maintaining daily activity; limit alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine 4 hours before bed; limit fluids 2-4 hours before bed; avoid daytime napping; avoid heavy meals before bed.