2.10-12 Learn

Transhumance

the seasonal movement of livestock between mountains and lowlands

Chain Migration

the tendency for many people from the same origin to migrate to the same destination as they follow friends and relatives over time

Internal Migration

migration within a country

Interregional Migration

Migration from one region of a country to another (e.g., the Great Migration)

Intraregional Migration

Migration within a region (e.g., urbanization, suburbanization or exurbanization)

Forced Migration

Involuntary migration usually caused by cultural factors (e.g., Atlantic slave trade)

Pull Factor

positive factor that induces someone to move to a new location (e.g., jobs, sunny weather)

Push Factor

negative factor that induces someone to leave a location (e.g., poor economy, violence)

Gravity Model

people are most likely to move to places that are larger and closer

Migration Selectivity

People with certain characteristics are more or less likely to migrate (e.g., the educated and younger, childless adults are the most mobile)

Migration Transition

Def: migration tends to reflect a country's stage of the DTM (Zelinsky)

-Stage 1= no migration

-Stage 2= urbanization or migration to stage 3 or 4 countries

-Stage 3= urbanization or migration to stage 4 countries

-Stage 4= suburbanization & receives guest workers

-Stage 5= interurban migration & receives guest workers

Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)

People who were forced to leave their home due to conflict, disasters, or human rights abuses (but do not leave their country)

Refugees

individuals who are forced to cross international boundaries to seek safety or asylum (and have been granted permission by host country)

Asylum Seekers

People who are fleeing a threat and seeking refugee status in a new country (but have not yet been given permission by host country).

Guest Workers

individuals who migrate temporarily for job opportunities and to send back money (remittances)

Transnational Migration

the regular movement across borders (e.g., EU laborers who live in one country and work in another)

Brain Drain

when the skilled and educated workforce leaves a country for better job opportunities

Remittances

money sent back home by international migrants

Gendered Space

the idea that space is not always viewed or accessible to both genders equally (e.g., male oriented construction sites or female designated areas in public places).

US Quota Acts of 1921 & '24

They limited the number of immigrants overall and favored Northwestern European immigrants

Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration

A set of theories outlining the patterns of human migration, indicating that migrants tend to move short distances and that migration is influenced by economic factors.