Day 6: Infection → Sepsis Pattern

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Last updated 6:58 PM on 7/6/26
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13 Terms

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Sepsis
Life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated response to infection.
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Why does infection progress to sepsis?
The immune response becomes widespread, causing vasodilation, capillary leakage, poor perfusion, and organ dysfunction.
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Why does sepsis cause low blood pressure?
Inflammatory chemicals cause blood vessels to dilate and become leaky, reducing effective circulating volume and vascular resistance.
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Why does sepsis cause tachycardia?
The heart beats faster to compensate for falling blood pressure and maintain cardiac output.
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Why does sepsis cause tachypnea?
The body breathes faster to meet increased oxygen demand and compensate for metabolic acidosis.
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Why does sepsis cause confusion?
Poor brain perfusion reduces oxygen delivery, impairing brain function.
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Why does sepsis cause low urine output?
Reduced kidney perfusion decreases filtration, leading to less urine production.
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Why does sepsis increase lactate?
Poor tissue perfusion reduces oxygen delivery, causing anaerobic metabolism and lactic acid production.
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Why are IV fluids given in sepsis?
IV fluids increase circulating volume to improve blood pressure and organ perfusion.
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Why are antibiotics given in sepsis?
Antibiotics eliminate the infection that is driving the inflammatory response.
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Why are blood cultures collected?
They identify the organism causing infection so antibiotic therapy can be targeted.
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Why are vasopressors used in septic shock?
Vasopressors constrict blood vessels when fluids alone cannot maintain blood pressure.
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Septic shock
Septic shock is severe circulatory failure in which blood pressure remains dangerously low despite adequate fluid resuscitation and vasopressors are often required.