Nursing: Unit 5: Chapter 37: Oxygen Needs

Apnea

The lack or absence of breathing

Bradypnea

Slow breathing where respiration are fewer than 12 per minute

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

Respirations gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow; breathing may stop for 10-12 seconds

Cyanosis

Bluish color to the skin, lips, mucous membranes, and nail beds

Dyspnea

Difficult labored or painful breathing

Hyperventilation

Breathing is rapid and deeper than normal

Hypoventiliation

Breathing is slow, shallow, and sometimes irregular

Hypoxia

Cells do not have enough oxygen

Kussmaul respirations

Very deep and rapid respirations

Orthopnea

Breathing deeply and comfortably only when sitting

Orthopneic position

Sitting up and leaning over a table to breathe

Oxygen concentration

The amount, in percentage, of hemoglobin containing oxygen

Pulse oximetry

Measures the oxygen concentration in arterial blood

Tachypnea

Rapid breathing; respirations are more than 20 per minute

Continuous positive airway pressure

CPAP stands for?

Saturation of peripheral oxygen

SpO2 means? (Another way of saying oxygen concentration)

Lungs, exchanged, cells

Respiratory function involves three processes and is altered even if one process is affected:

Air moving in and out of the _____

O2 and CO2 are _____ between alveoli and capillaries

Blood carries O2 to ____ and removes CO2 from them

Restlessness, dizziness, disorientation

These are three early signs of hypoxia

Hemoptosis

Bloody sputum (occurs with altered respiratory function)

12-20

Adults normally breathe _____ times per minute

Finger, toe, earlobe, nose, forehead

These are the five sites where a pulse oximeter may be used.

Opposite

Use ______ arms when taking blood pressure and pulse oximeter

Semi-fowlers, fowlers

Breathing is usually easier in the _____ and ______ positions.

1-2 hours

Deep breathing and coughing exercises` are usually done after surgery or injury during bed rest and are done every _____ while awake.

rib cage, 2-3 seconds, 4

For deep breathing, have the person place the hands over their _______, inhale through the nose and breathe deeply as possible, hold the breath for ____ seconds, exhale until the ribs move down as down as possible repeating this ___ times.

Liquid oxygen system

This is a type of oxygen source where a portable unit is filled from a stationary unit

8-20 hours

Liquid oxygen system has enough O2 for about _____ of use

Chest, incision, splint

For coughing exercises, have the person place both hands over the ____ or abdomen ______ one hand over the other, or a folded towel or pillow.

Oxygen Concentration

This is a type of oxygen source that removes oxygen from the air.

2, open

Have the person cough strongly ___ times with their mouth _____ if they have a productive cough

Nasal Cannula

This is a type of oxygen device where opening prongs are inserted into the nostrils facing downward and the tubing goes behind the ears and under the chin allowing for eating a drinking.

Simple Face Mask

This is a type of oxygen device where a mask covers the nose and mouth, and elastic strap goes around the head to secure it, and small holes in the sides of the mask allow CO2 to escape and allows room air to enter

Talking and eating are hard to do with a mask, moisture can build up under the mask, and vomiting can cause aspiration

Non-rebreather mask

This is a type of oxygen device that has a reservoir bag for O2, and exhaled air leaves through holes in the mask, but does not allow room air to enter. The bag ust not totally deflate, and are only used in emergency situations, and person must not be left alone.

L/min

Flow rate of oxygen is measured how?

1/2-15

The ordered flow rate of oxygen may be _____ Liters of O2 per minute

State and agency

You do not give oxygen. You do not adjust flow rate UNLESS allowed by your _______.

Bubbling

Let the nurse know if the Humidifier is NOT ______ as this allows to moist oxygen, which prevent drying of the airway’s mucous membranes

This action of the humidifier means that moisture is being produced

Blockage

Most common cause of sleep apnea (pauses in breathing during sleep) is:

Continuous Positive airway pressure (CPAP)

This is a mask that helps with sleep apnea that covers the nose or the nose and mouth is attach to a pump where air pressure is forced through the mask to keep airway open

Same amount of pressure goes through the mask when the person inhales and exhales

Bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP)

This is a mask that helps with sleep apnea that works like a CPAP except more pressure is given when breathing in, and less pressure when breathing out.