sensors/input devices

unable to generate a voltage signal

passive sensors

generate their own voltage & don’t require a ref.

active sensors

a signal generated by magnets, coils, or reluctor wheels

active

temp, pressure, airflow & specific position sensors are___

passive

oxygen, knock, solar & magnetic sensors are ___

active

frequency & amplitude is altered by ___

CKP, CMP, VSS

can be passive or active

2 wire sensors

has only a signal & signal ground

2 wire sensor

has only a ref. voltage, signal, & signal ground

3 wire sensor

interprets voltage valve & makes adjustments to vehicle operations

3 wire sensor

has a hall-effect sensor that detects the presence/absence of a magnetic field

digital sensor

piezoelectric & prevents timing detonation

knock sensor

determines when to inject fuel & start ignition

CKP

determines when cylinders receive fuel & spark

CMP

Cylinder head temp, ECT, & air change temp generates and emits their own energy into their environments, they are __ sensors?

two wire actives

Allows module to better calculate air/fuel ratio & timing advance, had a pre calibrated pressure

MAP

informs module on flow of exhaust gas, in turn helping the module adjust mixture

EGR

driver demand, throttle position & opening rate

TPS

injector fuel rails are monitored by __

Fuel Rail Pressure

monitors pressure difference between the control chamber & exhaust system

Differential Pressure Feedback (EGR)

speed sensors are most commonly

hall-effect sensors

temp rises and fails, the resistance and voltage change

temperature sensor

if temperature increases, and resistance increases the sensor is __

PTC

if temperature increases, and resistance decreases the sensor is __

NTC

a circuit protection device is an example of a __ because when temp/current increases over a certain point resistance is increased

PTC

a sensors that is more accurate without forced induction (turbos/supers)

MAF sensor

only measures air volume, pressure and temp need separate sensors

vane airflow

a heated element in an airway that takes its measurements by how much it’s cooled

hot film or membrane MAF

essentially works as the engines microphone

knock

measurements took from a perfect vacuum, detects readings by level compared to atmospheric pressure

absolute pressure sensor

most common pressure sensor, with respect to atmospheric pressure

gauge sensor

when pressure is measured below atmospheric pressure

vacuum pressure sensor

known as a delta pressure sensor, measures difference between 2 or more pressure levels

differential pressure sensor

measures pressure relative to a calibrated threshold

sealed pressure sensor

controls pressure against a predetermined threshold

pressure actuated switch

a transducer that measures stress/strain

strain gauge sensor

interrupts air stream and directs pulses against a mirror that reflects a light beam

Karman vortex

a 3 to 4 wire temp sensor, containing a heated element that brings it to operating conditions

heated oxygen sensor

generates its on voltage, considered a narrow-range sensor - cannot detect small changes

zirconium dioxide

doesn’t require an outside air reference or internal venting, is also heated

titanium dioxide

is a wide band sensor with 2 zirconium sensors in 1, oxygen ions are pumped into a sampling chamber

UEGO sensor

a high or low reading is detected off a perfect voltage of 450mv

zirconium dioxide sensor

had a operating temp of 600 degrees and air/fuel ratio reads 2.5v

titanium dioxide sensor

if the engine is running rich the engine is cooler resistance deceases, if it’s running lean it’s becomes hotter and resistance increases

titanium dioxide sensor