Science Research 7 2nd Summative Test Reviewer (Term 1)

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms and concepts for the Grade 7 Science Research 2nd Summative Test on scientific investigation and variables.

Scientific Investigation

A systematic process used to answer questions about the natural world through observation, experimentation, and analysis.

Independent Variable

The factor that the researcher intentionally changes or manipulates in an experiment, also known as the Manipulated Variable.

Dependent Variable

The factor that changes as a result of the independent variable, also known as the Responding Variable.

Controlled Variables

Factors kept the same throughout the experiment to make the test fair, also known as Constant Variables.

Investigable Question

A question that can be answered through observation, experimentation, and data collection, involving measurable variables.

Fair Test

An experiment where only one variable is changed while all other variables are controlled to ensure accurate and reliable results.

Hypothesis

An educated prediction that can be tested, typically following the format: "If _____, then _____ because _____."

Procedure

The clear, organized, repeatable, and sequential step-by-step method used in a scientific investigation.

Material

The item or equipment used during the course of an investigation.

Repeated Trials

Repeating the experiment several times to increase reliability, reduce errors, and improve accuracy.

Qualitative Data

Descriptive observations made using the senses, such as color changes or a solution becoming cloudy.

Quantitative Data

Data consisting of numerical measurements, such as "$10\,cm$" or "$25\,^\circ\text{C}$".

Reliable Evidence

Accurate and dependable information gathered from careful observations and repeated experiments that supports conclusions.

Average

A mathematical representation calculated using the formula: $\text{Average} = \text{Total of Values} \div \text{Number of Trials}$.

Bar Graph

A type of graphical display used to compare different categories, such as plant growth under different fertilizers.

Line Graph

A type of graphical display used to show changes over time, such as daily plant height.

Pie Graph

A type of graphical display used to show parts of a whole or percentages.

Patterns

Repeated trends or observations found within data.

Relationship

An explanation of how one variable affects another, such as "As temperature increases, dissolving time decreases."

Conclusion

A final explanation based on evidence that answers the investigable question and determines if the results support the hypothesis.