Environmental-control

Environmental Control

The ability of individuals or cultural groups to plan activities that manage nature and their perception of their ability to influence environmental factors.

Systems

Organized structures that influence and are influenced by individuals.

Processes

Organized patterns of operation involving dynamics and interactions among families, groups, and communities.

Reciprocal Relationship

The mutual influence between the environment and humans.

Functional Exchange

Interaction processes that have purpose and are considered useful.

Dysynchronous Relationship

An interaction that lacks purpose and is considered unproductive.

Biomedical Model

A health model emphasizing biological concerns over psychological and sociological issues, often culture-specific and value-laden.

Traditional Model

A health model based on popular beliefs and practices that diverge from medical science, with varying health beliefs and practices.

Disease

Disease is diagnosed based on established norms of Western biomedical science, while illness is an individual's perception of their health condition.

Healthcare Behavior

Social and biological activities aimed at maintaining acceptable health status or altering unacceptable conditions.

Health Status

The success of an individual in adapting to their internal and external environment.

Cultural Health Practices

Practices categorized as efficacious, neutral, dysfunctional, or uncertain based on their effects on health outcomes.

Efficacious Cultural Health Practices

Practices that positively affect health status.

Neutral Cultural Health Practices

Practices that do not significantly affect health outcomes.

Dysfunctional Cultural Health Practices

Practices that harm and negatively affect health outcomes.

Uncertain Cultural Health Practices

Practices with unknown effects on health outcomes, lacking sufficient scientific evidence.

Values

Cornerstones for beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors, often acquired unconsciously through cultural assimilation.

Value Orientations

Fundamental beliefs and guiding principles that shape perceptions, decisions, and interactions.

Human Nature Orientation

Beliefs about the inherent nature of humanity (good, bad, or mixed).

Man-Nature Orientation

The relationship between humans and the environment.

Temporal Orientation

Focus on time, including past, present, and future perspectives.

Activity Orientation

How individuals or cultures view action, achievement, and productivity.

Individualism

Emphasis on personal autonomy, self-reliance, and independence.

Collectivism

Emphasis on the importance of family, community, and social networks.

Relational Orientation

How individuals or cultures prioritize relationships, viewed through individualism and collectivism.

Folk Medicine

Traditional beliefs and practices often viewed as "strange" by those unfamiliar with them, focusing on cultural traditions and spiritual beliefs.

Unnatural

Disruptions often associated with evil or supernatural forces.

Unnatural Illness as Divine Punishment

The belief that certain illnesses result from divine punishment for wrongdoing.

Ecological Model

Focuses on the biological, social, and cultural interactions that influence health behaviors and outcomes.

Alternative Therapies

Nontraditional treatments that focus on holistic care, treating the whole patient rather than just symptoms.

Religious Systems

Beliefs and practices related to faith and spirituality that influence healthcare perceptions and behaviors.

Advance Directives

Legal documents outlining a person's medical treatment preferences when they cannot make decisions for themselves.

Autonomy in Decision Making

The patient's right to make their own healthcare choices, which varies across cultures.

Cultural Competence

Understanding and respecting diverse cultural beliefs and practices in healthcare.

Non-Judgmental Communication

Encouraging open dialogue about alternative health practices without judgment.

Illness

can be defined as anindividual’s perception ofbeing sick.

Cultural Values

Often acquired unconsciously as an individual assimilates the culture throughout the process of growth and maturation

Past Orientation

Past Orientation refers to a perspective that values historical context, experiences, and reflections on previous events to inform current decision-making and future planning.

Present Orientation

Focus on immediate experiences and concerns, emphasizing living in the moment rather than planning for the future or reflecting on the past

Future oriented

Individuals prioritize planning and preparation for the future

Doing oriented

values action, achievement, and control

Being-oriented

focuses on the present moment and on existing in harmony with one’s environment

People-to-nature orientation

describes how individuals view their relationship with nature

Innate Human Nature Orientation

Refers to how different cultures view human nature

Locus-of-control construct

how individuals perceive the relationship between their actions and outcomes

Internal locus of control

Individuals believe that their actions directly influence outcomes. They see themselves as responsible for their success or failure and are motivated to take action to change or improve situations

External locus of control

Individuals believe that outcomes are controlled by external forces. they see little conection between their own behavior and the results

Folk Medicine

involves cultural traditions, beliefs, and practices often linked to spiritual or supernatural forces

Western Medicine

based on scientific research and diagnosis, using preventive and curative treatments

Biological

The relationship between living organisms and their environment

Social

The interaction between people and social institution, highlighting their interdependence

Cultural

How culture interacts with the environment and society, influencing health behaviors

Western Medical System

explain illness scientifically through diagnoses and treatments focused on prevention and cure

Western Medicine

relies on scientific behavior and dyadic relationships

Folk Medicine

involves multiperson networks of caregivers, including family and community members, and emphasizes cultural practices

Shaman

Derives power from the supernatural and based their rituals on that

Priest

Preists learn rituals from other priests and form biblical laws

Cultural Beliefs

is the values, customs, and traditions that shape how individuals view health, illness, and medical decisions, including their approach to end of life care