BSCATI

B

Background
The context or situation surrounding the issue, including events, facts, or circumstances that help explain why the text was written.

S

Source
Where the text comes from (e.g., newspaper, website, speech) and who wrote it, which helps determine credibility and bias.

C

Contention
The author’s main argument or overall stance on the issue — what they are trying to convince the audience to agree with.

A

Audience
The specific group of people the author is targeting or expects will read the text.

T

Tone
The author’s attitude toward the topic or audience, shown through their language choice (e.g., hopeful, critical, passionate, urgent).

I

Intention
What the author wants the audience to think, feel, or do after reading the text.