Spanish Present Tense Verbs, Ser, Question Words, and Grammar Rules

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering present tense -ar, -er, and -ir verbs, the verb ser, Spanish question words, and gender/number agreement rules.

Conjugating Regular -ar Verbs

The process of starting by removing -ar from the infinitive verb before applying ending forms.

Hablo

The conjugated form of hablar used when saying 'I do something' (I speak).

Hablas

The conjugated form of hablar used when talking to someone (you speak).

Habla

The conjugated form of hablar used when talking about somebody (he/she speaks).

Spanish Verb Negation

To say that someone doesn't do something, add 'no' before the verb.

-amos

The plural -ar verb ending corresponding to the subject pronouns nosotros, nosotras, and tú y yo, used to say you and someone are doing something.

-an

The plural -ar verb ending used to talk about what they are doing.

Ser

A verb that translates as 'to be', used to identify people or things, or to make general identifying statements.

Yo soy

The first-person singular form of ser, meaning 'I am'.

Tú eres

The second-person singular informal form of ser, meaning 'you (singular) are'.

Él / Ella / Usted es

The third-person singular and formal second-person form of ser, meaning 'he/she is, you (singular) are'.

Nosotros / Nosotras somos

The first-person plural form of ser, meaning 'we are'.

Vosotros / Vosotras sois

The second-person plural form of ser, meaning 'you (plurals) are'.

Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes son

The third-person plural and formal plural form of ser, meaning 'they are, you (plural) are'.

¿De dónde eres (tú)?

An informal question meaning 'where are you from'.

¿De dónde es (usted)?

A formal question meaning 'where are you from'.

Apellido

A Spanish noun meaning 'last name'.

De nada

The phrase spoken as a response when someone says 'Gracias'.

Present Tense -er Verb Endings

Regular present tense endings for -er verbs: yo (-o), tú (-es), usted (-e), nosotros (-emos), vosotros (-éis), ustedes (-en).

Comer

A regular -er Spanish verb meaning 'to eat'.

Corro

The first-person singular present tense conjugation of correr, meaning 'I run'.

Leen

The third-person plural present tense conjugation of leer, meaning 'read'.

Present Tense -ir Verb Endings

Regular present tense endings for -ir verbs, which are identical to -er verb endings except in the nosotros (-imos) and vosotros (-ís) forms.

Vivir

A regular -ir Spanish verb meaning 'to live'.

Escribir

A Spanish verb meaning 'to write'.

Quién

Spanish question word meaning 'who'.

Qué

Spanish question word meaning 'What'.

Cuál

Spanish question word meaning 'which'.

Dónde

Spanish question word meaning 'where'.

Cuándo

Spanish question word meaning 'when'.

Cómo

Spanish question word meaning 'How'.

Por qué

Spanish question word meaning 'why'.

Cuánto

Spanish question word meaning 'How many/much'.

Gender and Number Agreement

The rule that articles (los, unos, las, unas), nouns, and adjectives typically agree in gender and number.

Adjectives ending in -e or a consonant

Adjectives that stay the same form whether masculine or feminine; add -s for plural if ending in -e, or -es if ending in a consonant like l.

Adjectives ending in -ista

Adjectives that can be either masculine or feminine without changing their ending.

Syllable Emphasis Rule for Infinitives

The Spanish pronunciation rule that many Spanish words emphasize the last syllable, including all infinitive words.