Skeletal System Disorders

Osteoarthritis

where the smooth cartilage cushioning your joints breaks down over time, causing bones to rub together, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced movement, commonly in hands, hips, knees, and spine

Gout

a painful type of inflammatory arthritis caused by too much uric acid (a natural body waste) building up in the blood, forming sharp, needle-like crystals in a joint, often the big toe, leading to sudden, severe pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness

Rheumatoid Arthritis

a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of your joints, causing painful inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and potential long-term damage to cartilage and bone, typically in the hands, wrists, and feet

Osteoporosis

a bone disease that makes bones thin, weak, and brittle, significantly increasing the risk of fractures (broken bones) from minor falls or even simple actions like coughing

Kyphosis

an excessive outward curve of the upper spine, causing a rounded or "hunchback" appearance, where the back looks hunched over, often described as "roundback"

Lordosis

the natural curve of the lower back (lumbar) area of the spine with an extreme curve

Scoliosis

a sideways curvature of the spine, making it look like the letter "C" or "S" instead of being straight

Dislocation

a disruption of the normal position of the ends of two or more bones where they meet at a joint

Stress Fracture

a tiny crack in a bone, usually from repetitive overuse, where muscles get fatigued and transfer shock to the bone, causing a small break, often in the weight-bearing bones of the foot or lower leg

Greenstick Fracture

a partial bone break, common in children, where the bone bends and cracks on one side but doesn't break all the way through, much like a fresh, green twig snapping

Compound Fracture

an injury in which a broken bone pierces the skin

Compression Fracture

a break in a spinal bone (vertebra) where the bone collapses or gets squashed, often because it's weakened by osteoporosis, injury, or tumors, causing it to become shorter

Sprain

a stretching or tearing of ligaments

Simple Fracture

a broken bone where the skin remains intact, meaning the bone doesn't pierce through the surface