Week 5 - Pediatric Musculoskeletal Conditions and Assessment (Terms)

This set of flashcards includes definitions and explanations of key concepts related to pediatric musculoskeletal conditions, assessment techniques, interventions, and clinical considerations.

Pediatric Musculoskeletal Conditions

A branch of medicine that focuses on musculoskeletal issues in children.

Normal Skeletal Development

The expected growth and formation of bones during infancy and childhood.

Abnormal Skeletal Development

Deviations from normal growth patterns that may affect movement and function.

Musculoskeletal Deformities

Structural abnormalities in bones and muscles that can affect movement.

PT Intervention

Physical therapy actions taken to address musculoskeletal conditions.

Developmental Principles

Guidelines based on growth stages that inform treatment planning.

Biomechanical Principles

The study of movement mechanics that can impact posture and gait.

Gait Assessment

The evaluation of a child's walking pattern to identify abnormalities.

Early Signs of Deformities

Initial indicators that may signify the need for early intervention.

Fetal Musculoskeletal Development

The growth of muscles and bones during the prenatal stage.

Prenatal Deformities

Defects or abnormalities present at birth due to various factors during pregnancy.

Positional Deformities

Deformities resulting from positioning in utero, often flexible and correctable.

Structural Deformities

Fixed deformities that typically require intervention and do not resolve on their own.

Neonatal Screening

Assessment performed on newborns to identify potential musculoskeletal issues.

Hip Dysplasia

Abnormal development of the hip joint that can lead to instability or dislocation.

Ortolani Test

A physical examination technique to assess hip stability in newborns.

Barlow Test

A maneuver used to assess hip dislocation risk in infants.

Galeazzi Sign

Detection of limb length discrepancy in newborns indicated by uneven knee heights.

Metatarsus Adductus

A common positional foot deformity characterized by a curved forefoot.

Torticollis

A condition where the neck muscles are contracted, causing head tilting.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

A condition resulting from improper formation of the hip joint.

Cavus Foot

A condition resulting in an exaggerated arch of the foot.

Clubfoot (CTEV)

A congenital deformity in which the foot is turned inward and downward.

Flexibility Test

An examination to assess the degree of deformity flexibility.

Pavlik Harness

A device used to maintain the hip in a specific position for DDH treatment.

Surgical Intervention

Surgical procedures to correct persistent musculoskeletal deformities.

Congenital Calcaneovalgus

A flexible foot deformity caused by abnormal positioning in the womb.

Arthrogryposis

A condition characterized by multiple congenital contractures.

Traction Apophysitis

Inflammation and pain at the site where tendons attach to bones.

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

A common cause of knee pain in growing children at the knee's growth plate.

Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children leading to hip pain.

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

Displacement of the femoral head affecting the hip joint in adolescents.

Overuse Syndromes

Injuries resulting from repetitive stress on muscles and bones.

Occult Fractures

Hidden fractures that may not be visible on initial x-rays.

Transient Synovitis

Benign inflammation of the hip joint, commonly following a viral infection.

Key Risk Factors

Factors that increase the likelihood of developing musculoskeletal issues.

Weight-Bearing Activities

Exercises that involve bearing weight, important for bone health.

Thermal Regulation in Children

Unique physiological responses of children to heat during physical activity.

Hydration Considerations

Guidelines for fluid intake to prevent dehydration in young athletes.

Nutritional Needs for Athletes

Considerations for adequate nutrition to support young athletes.

Pain Management Strategies

Approaches to alleviate discomfort during physical therapy.

Dynamic Loading

Applying varying levels of force during physical activities to stimulate growth.

Physical Activity Guidelines

Recommended levels of activity for maintaining health in children.

Muscle-Tendon Imbalance

Discrepancies in strength or flexibility between opposing muscle groups.

Functional Mobility

The ability to move effectively in everyday activities.

Motor Development Milestones

Key physical and motor skills that children typically achieve at certain ages.

Clinical Decision-Making

A systematic approach to determine treatment based on patient needs.

Referral Indications

Situations that necessitate referral to a specialist for advanced care.

Epidemiology of Injuries

Study of injury occurrence and patterns in the pediatric population.

Clinical Vignettes

Patient case studies used to illustrate clinical concepts.

Long-term Impacts of Untreated Conditions

Consequences of delayed intervention on musculoskeletal health.

Bone Density Optimization

Strategies to enhance and maintain bone health during growth.

Compensatory Mechanisms

Adaptations made by the body in response to musculoskeletal issues.

Musculoskeletal Evaluations

Comprehensive assessments to determine the state of a child's musculoskeletal health.

Informed Consent in Pediatric Care

Ensuring understanding and agreement by caregivers for treatment plans.

Goals of Pediatric Physical Therapy

Objectives aimed at improving movement and function in children.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

Cooperation among various healthcare providers for comprehensive care.

Parent Education Programs

Educational initiatives aimed at involving families in care.

Observational Assessments

Evaluations based on direct observation of movement and posture.

Rehabilitation Goals

Specific targets set to measure recovery and improvement.

Evidenced-Based Practice

Using the best available research to inform treatment decisions.

Tendonitis in Children

Inflammation of tendons due to overuse or injury.

Postural Stability

The ability to maintain a stable position during movement.

Neuromuscular Integration

The coordination between nervous system activity and muscle functioning.

Biophysical Approaches

Techniques using physical agents to treat health conditions.

Growth Plate Vulnerability

Increased risk of injury at the growth plates during childhood spurts.

Sports Participation Risks

Understanding the potential hazards of youth sports activities.

Monitoring Growth Progression

Regularly tracking physical development in young children.

Adaptive Equipment Utilization

Using devices to enhance mobility and independence.

Skeletal System Anatomy

Understanding the structure and function of bones in the body.

Clinical Guidelines for Treatment

Best practices for addressing pediatric musculoskeletal conditions.

Assessment Tools

Instruments used to evaluate musculoskeletal function.

Therapeutic Exercises

Prescribed movements to improve strength and mobility.

Patient-Centered Care

An approach that focuses on individual patient needs and preferences.

Pain Presentation in Pediatrics

Recognizing and interpreting signs of pain in children.

Physical Fitness Standards

Benchmarks for assessing the physical fitness of children.

Growth Spurts Monitoring

Observing patterns of rapid growth to prevent injury.

Flexibility Training Importance

Enhancing range of motion to support physical activity.

Seasonal Training Adaptations

Adjusting training regimens based on seasonal changes.

Rhabdomyolysis Prevention

Strategies to avert severe muscle breakdown during intense activities.

Physical Assessment in Pediatrics

Comprehensive examination of a child's physical health.

Positioning Techniques in Care

Methods to help optimize body alignment during treatment.

Contractile Tissue Function

Understanding how muscles contribute to movement and stability.

Kinetic Chain Principles

Concepts explaining how linked movements produce effective motion.

Resistance Training Adaptations

Adjusting strength-training approaches for youthful bodies.

Individualized Treatment Plans

Custom therapeutic strategies tailored to meet unique patient needs.

Recovery Strategies in Pediatrics

Techniques to optimize healing and restore function.

Injury Prevention Tactics

Methods to reduce the risk of injuries in children.

Pathophysiology of Growth Disorders

Understanding the underlying causes of growth-related conditions.

Systematic Review of Literature

Comprehensive evaluations of existing research on a particular topic.

Outcome Measurement Tools

Methods to assess the effectiveness of treatment interventions.

Rehabilitation Techniques

Specific approaches to assist with recovery after injury.

Clinical Judgment in Practice

Applying clinical knowledge to make informed decisions.

Evaluation of Growth Patterns

Analysis of a child's physical development over time.

Sports Physical Therapy

Specialized therapy aimed at restoring function in athletes.

Primary Care Referrals

Guidelines for referring patients to specialists.

Focus on Gross Motor Skills

Emphasizing the development of larger movements and coordination.

Adverse Effects of Immobilization

Negative consequences on muscle and bone health due to lack of movement.

Pediatric Gait Analysis

Detailed examination of walking patterns in children.

Evaluation of Limb Symmetry

Assessment to determine equal limb functionality.