L17 Carbohydrate metabolism

Anabolic state

• when cell has lots resource & energy, start making things with them

• insulin signaling occur → ⬆glucose utilization

  • ⬆glucose transport into cells

  • ⬆expression of enzymes that use glucose as substrate

Catabolic state

• when cell need energy, start to break down complex molecules

• epinephrine & glucagon signals release glucose storage, ⬇glucose utilization

Define:

• Glycogen Synthesis

• Glycogenolysis

• Glycolysis

• Anaerobic metabolism

Glycogen Synthesis (glycogenesis) - storage of excess glucose as glycogen in liver & muscle

Glycogenolysis - glycogen breakdown to release glucose

Glycolysis - glucose breakdown to pyruvate, producing ATP

Anaerobic metabolism - conversion of pyruvate → lactate in anaerobic conditions

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