Chapter 3 Skin Structure and Growth

_____ refers to the tiny grains of pigment deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis and papillary layers of the dermis.

Melanin

Which of the following is a type of melanin that is dark brown to black in color?

Eumelanin

Glands that are connected to the hair follicles and secrete sebum are called _______.

Sebaceous glands

Which of the following is a function of melanin?

It protects skin cells by absorbing and blocking ultraviolet radiation

Which of the following nerve fibers send messages to the central nervous system and brain to react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain?

Sensory nerve fibers

The skin gets its strength, form, and flexibility from two protein fibers found within the ________.

Dermis

Which of the following roles does the barrier function play in the skin?

It keeps the skin moist by preventing water evaporation

Which of the following statements is true of the dermis?

It is the skins underlying layer and extends to form the subcutaneous tissue

Which of the following is one of the six principal functions of the skin?

Sensation

The _________ is the outermost and thinnest layer of the skin and is made up of five layers-stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum.

Epidermis

Which of the following statements is true of elastin?

It gives the skin its flexibility and elasticity

The _________ is a protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and water that forms a hydrolipidic film to protect the skin from drying out and from exposure to external factors that could damage it.

Acid mantle

________ is a fibrous protein that is also the principal component of the skin, hair, and nails.

Keratin

________ exclusively transmit impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the muscles or glands.

Motor nerve fibers

Cosmetologists should have a thorough understanding of skin structure and growth because _______.

Knowing the skin’s underlying structure and needs is crucial to providing excellent skin care for clients

Skin color- whether fair, medium, or dark-depends primarily on _______.

Melanin

Daily use of a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a sun protection factor (spf) of 15 or higher can _______.

Help the melanin protect the skin from burning, skin cancer, and premature aging

Perspiration from the sudoriferous glands is expelled through the skin. Which of the following functions of the skin does this information most closely relate to?

Excretion

When the environmental temperature changes and the skins blood and sudoriferous glands make necessary adjustments to help cool down the body by the evaporation of sweat, the skin is most likely performing the function of _________.

Heat regulation

Which of the following is a fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair?

Sebum

A physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails is known as a _______.

Dermatologist

_______ is a fibrous, connective tissue made from protein that gives the skin form and strength.

Collagen

_______ is a medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.

Dermatology

Which of the following statements is true of secretory nerve fibers?

They control the flow of sebum to the surface of the skin

The _______ is the deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients.

Reticular layer

Which of the following statements is true of sudoriferous glands?

They consist of a secretory coil and a tube-like sweat duct that ends at the skins surface to form the sweat pore

__________ excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals

Sudoriferous glands

Which of the following factors is most likely to increase the flow of sebum?

Emotional stress and hormone imbalances

Differences in genetic skin color among people are due to _________.

The amount of melanin activated in the skin and the way it is distributed

Which of the following actions is most likely to slow the weakening of collagen and elastin fibers and help the skin look younger longer?

Keeping the skin free of disease