Chapter 1 Study Guide – Lab Safety, Organ Systems, and Homeostasis

This set of flashcards covers key concepts from Chapter 1, focusing on lab safety, organ systems, and the concept of homeostasis.

Lab Safety

Rules and procedures to prevent accidents and protect students and instructors.

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)

Gloves, goggles, and lab coats used to protect against hazards.

Proper Disposal

Separate containers for glass, sharps, chemicals, and biohazard waste.

Microscope Care

Carry with two hands, clean lenses with lens paper, start at lowest magnification.

Integumentary System

Skin, hair, nails; protects, regulates temperature, prevents water loss.

Skeletal System

Bones, cartilage, joints; provides framework, protection, and blood cell production.

Muscular System

Skeletal muscles; allows movement and produces heat.

Nervous System

Brain, spinal cord, nerves; controls functions with electrical impulses.

Endocrine System

Glands (pituitary, thyroid, adrenal); regulates body activities with hormones.

Cardiovascular System

Heart, vessels; transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste.

Lymphatic System

Lymph nodes, spleen, lymph vessels; fights infection and drains tissue fluid.

Respiratory System

Lungs, trachea; exchanges gases (O2 in, CO2 out).

Digestive System

Stomach, intestines, liver; breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.

Urinary System

Kidneys, bladder; removes waste and balances water/electrolytes.

Reproductive System

Ovaries/testes; produces gametes and hormones.

Homeostasis

The body maintains stable internal conditions despite external changes.

Feedback Mechanisms

Loops that regulate balance in physiological processes.

Negative Feedback

Reverses change to restore balance (e.g., sweating).

Positive Feedback

Amplifies change until a process completes (e.g., childbirth).