Planning 2

Urban Design

arrangement, appearance, and function of suburbs, towns and cities

According to Section 3 of R.A 9266, Urban Design is

presented as physical and systematic design undertaken at the community and urban scale.

Form, Shape, and Character

Urban Designs gives what scale?

Places for People

Good Urban Design is Safe, comfortable, varied, attractive places can support meeting, play, observation, and everyday social life.

Enrich the Existing

Good Urban Design is a New that development should complement and strengthen qualities already present in its setting

Make Connections

Good Urban Design is a Places that should be physically and visually integrated and easy to reach by foot, bicycle, public transport, and car, with attention to the stated order of priority.

Work with the Landscape

Good Urban Design is a Balance of natural and man-made environments and use site resources such as climate, landform, landscape, and ecology to support energy conservation and amenity.

Mix Uses and Forms

Good Urban Design Accommodates varied users and demands through a mixture of building forms, uses, tenures, and densities.

Manage the Investment

Good Urban Design is a Development that needs economic viability, management, maintenance, long-term commitment, and appropriate delivery mechanisms

Design for Change

Good Urban Design is a Buildings, public spaces, infrastructure, and transport arrangements should be sufficiently flexible to respond to future changes in use, lifestyle, and demography.

Community

group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common.

Community Architecture

practice that creates awareness, involves users in the design process, and helps distinguish between community needs and aspirations. It promotes active involvement of people in building projects and can include housing, neighborhood design, community planning, community development, technical aid, and community landscaping.

Socio-cultural

involve the combination of social and cultural influences. The material describes them through customs, lifestyles, and values that characterize a society or group.

Availability of local materials

designers commonly work with materials that are available and obtainable in the locality.

Environmental issues

climate change, pollution, environmental degradation, and resource depletion can affect community planning and architecture.

Disaster-prone areas

planning must recognize local hazards and the need for sustainable approaches.

Diverse land

sites have different terrain and physical characteristics, requiring placeresponsive design.

Vernacular architecture

architectural style based on local needs, available construction materials, and local traditions.

Ethnographic landscape

landscapes can function as symbolic environments through which people give meaning and definition to their physical surroundings

Vernacular landscape

a landscape shaped through the everyday practices and occupancy of a community over time.

1930s

Year where urban renewal and slum clearance take place.

Modern Movement

associated with architects such as Le Corbusier, promoted high-rise buildings using industrial construction techniques as a future direction for urban development

Le Corbusier

professional name/pseudonym of Charles-Edouard Jeanneret (1887–1965).

Paul Davidoff and Advocacy Planning

The 1960s debate on participation and planning contributed to Advocacy Planning in the United States.

Rod Hackney and the British Community Architecture Movement

Community groups in the U.K. developed community action during the 1960s and 1970s. The material identifies the Black Road Area Improvement Project in Macclesfield, Cheshire, under this as a foundation of the Community Architecture Movement in Britain and identifies him as the first community architect in Britain.

RIBA and localism

The Royal Institute of British Architects released a “Guide To Localism” with sections on Neighborhood Planning and Getting Community Engagement Right.

1930s

This year is the urban renewal/slum clearance context

Modern Movement

industrial construction and high-rise urban development

1960s

This year debate on participation and Advocacy Planning happened.

1960s–1970s U.K.

This year community action and Community Architecture Movement happened.

Aesthetics

a set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty.

Ancient Greek aesthetics

strongly influenced Western aesthetics. Plato associated beauty with proportion, harmony, and unity among parts. Aristotle identified order, symmetry, and definiteness as universal elements of beauty.

Islamic aesthetics

This emphasizes the distinction between human works and the perfection attributed to divine creation.

Indian aesthetics

traditional Hindu system of architecture, literally translated as “science of architecture.”

Chinese aesthetics

Confucius emphasized arts and humanities, especially music and poetry, as means of broadening human nature and supporting li (etiquette/rites). Mozi, by contrast, argued that music and fine arts could be classist and wasteful when they benefited the rich rather than common people.

Confucius

arts/humanities can contribute to human cultivation, social conduct, and what is essential to humanity.

Mozi

cultural expenditures should be examined through practical benefit, social usefulness, and their distribution of benefits.

Access to Resource

Need information on resources and access

Analysis of Task

Need to understand who does what

Focus Group Meetings

Need small-group attitudes/preferences

Force Field Analysis

Need causes, forces, before/after alternatives

Log Frame

Need a project-results matrix with indicators

Needs Assessment

Need to identify and prioritize needs

Preference Ranking

Need to compare local preferences

Participant Observation

Need in-depth understanding through field observation

Pocket Charts

Need picture-based voting/assessment

Seasonal Calendar

Need annual patterns and seasonal changes

Socio-Cultural Profile

Need a broad social-cultural description

Village Meeting

Need large-group consultation and consensus

Survey

Need structured fixed questions

Tree Diagram

Need to break a problem into factors and outcome

Centralized Form

Organized around a single or a few dominant entities or a central focus

Radial Form

Elements are arranged around a central point, producing a roughly circular or radiating organization.

Clustered Form

Elements are grouped together in clusters, with the material describing them as generally equivalent in size, shape, and function.

Grid Form

A repeated, intersecting organizational framework used to structure layout.

Linear

repetitive spaces arranged along a line or sequence; the material describes spaces as alike in size, form, and function.

Shape

How a building's form is read in relation to other buildings; shape contributes to recognition and spatial character

Size

An item's size understood in relationship to something else; relative scale matters.

Color

Can significantly affect the human perception of space

Texture

A surface quality that can strongly affect the experience and appearance of a structure or building

Position

The shape or configuration of a building as presented in the material; in design analysis, examine where and how the building is situated.

Orientation

Positioning of a building in relation to the sun; consider cardinal direction and solar exposure.

Visual Inertia

The art of designing spaces and constructing buildings under building rules and aesthetic concepts; study it as a visual/design property within the set.

Orientation

can influence facade and roofline positioning, massing, openings, daylight, solar exposure, and outdoor space relationships.