Basic Vocab. - UNIT 1

Mean

the average, calculated by summing all the numbers and dividing by the count

Median

the middle number when the data is arranged in order

Mode

the number that appears most frequently

Range

Maximum quantity minus minimum quantity

Quantitative

number, measure, count

Categorical

values, category names, zip codes

Marginal

b/c, variable b total over grand total (C)

Joint

a/c, quantity/subject over grand total

Conditional

“given,” a/b, quantity/subject over total b

Segmented Bar Graph

a bar chart where each bar is divided into multiple segments to represent the proportional distribution of a second categorical variable within a larger category

Mosaic plot

a graphical representation used to visualize relationships between categorical variables

Association

if knowing the value of one variable helps predict the other variable

Distribution of the number

SOCV (context), shape, outliers, center, variability (spread) *don’t use exact words, ex: fairly, near, sentences, about, etc.*

S in SOCV means what?

Shape (Skewed left or right, symmetrical, unimodal or bimodal)

O in SOCV means what?

Outliers (IQR x1.5 of Q1 & Q2)

C in SOCV means what?

Center (Median or Mean)

V in SOCV means what?

Variability or Range (Max - Min)

Skew left

tail is facing left

Skew right

tail is facing right

Unimodal

graph is raised in one area,contains: skew left, skew right, and symmetric graphs

Symmetric

graph is raised in the middle

Bimodal

graph has two raised areas

Histogram

bar graph with no gaps or spaces (connected)

Dot plot

a statistical chart that uses dots to represent the frequency of values in a dataset

Stem & Leaf Plot

a method of organizing data that displays individual data points while also summarizing the overall distribution

Percentages

Must be rounded to the third decimal

Relative Frequency

Worked out in fractions, then converted to percentages

Do graphs need keys?

Yes

Do graphs need to be labeled on the y and x axis?

Yes, but depends on the context (e.g. dot plot)

When asked if there’s association, is there always an association and when?

Usually there is, especially when the amounts are similar.

When told to describe a graph, you should answer in percentages to support your claim:

True

Show to what you’re talking about, like the title of the graph is missing:

True

Continuous Data

Can be divided into smaller numbers, e.g. decimals

Discrete Data

Nonnegative numbers that can’t be divided into decimals