Fundamentals Exam 03-08-2024

Name of 1.

apex

Name of 2.

root

Name of 3.

neck/cervix

Name of 4.

incisal

List the four tissues of the tooth.

pulp

cementum

dentin

enamel

Pulp:

soft, center of tooth, containing nerves, and blood vessels

Cementum:

hardest part of our body, protects root, and serves as an anchor to the periodontal ligament

Dentin:

hard,supports structure of enamel, yellow hued

Enamel:

hard, insulating barrier, protecting tooth from chemical, physical, and thermal forces

List the surrounding supportive structures of the tooth.

periodontal ligament

alveolar bone

cementum

gingiva

Periodontal Ligament/PDL:

connects cementum to alveolar bone, protects vessels and nerves from masticatory forces

Alveolar Bone:

structure that holds and surround the roots

Gingiva:

tissue of the upper and lower jaw, surrounding, and protecting the base of the teeth

List the three types of oral mucosa.

lining

masticatory

soft

Lining Mucosa:

soft, more delicate tissue

Masticatory Mucosa:

hard, tough tissue

Soft Mucosa:

soft tissue

What are the different parts of the tongue?

dorsum

ventral

lingual frenum

What type of mucosa is the dorsum made of?

masticatory

What type of mucosa is the ventral made of?

lining

What type of mucosa is the lingual frenum made of?

lining

List the soft tissue landmarks of the oral cavity.

Upper lip, buccal frenum, rugae, max. tuberosity, lower lip, lingual frenum, uvula, retromolar area, upper labial frenum, stensen's duct, dorsum, lower labial frenum, soft palate, gag reflex, pillars of fauces, palatine tonsils

Define dentition.

All of the natural teeth in the mouth

How is the mouth divided for the purpose of identification?

using the terms Maxillary and Mandibular

How is the dentition divided into quadrants?

using the terms UR, UL, LR, LL

How is the dentition divided into quadrants?

using the terms Anterior and Posterior

List the three periods of dentition.

Primary

Mixed

Permanent

Primary dentition:

first set of teeth to erupt, known as decidous teeth

Mixed dentition:

both primary and permanent teeth present

Permanent dentiton:

final set of teeth to erupt, known as succedaneous teeth

How is the Permanent Dentition identified?

#’s 1-32

How is the Primary Dentition identified?

letters A-T

What types of teeth are in the anterior section?

incisors and canines

What types of teeth are in the posterior section?

molars and premolars

How many roots do Molars have?

max.-3

mand.-2

How many roots do Premolars have?

1

How many roots do Incisors have?

1

How many roots do Canines have?

1

List the surfaces of the teeh.

buccal , lingual , occlusal , mesial , distal

Describe buccal surface.

faces cheek

Describe lingual surface.

faces tongue

Describe occlusal surface.

where occlusion meets, used for chewing/grinding

Describe mesial surface.

towards midline

Describe distal surface.

facing away from midline

Identify the concepts surrounding the management of the dental chart.

___

List the situations in which a medical alert is placed inside the patient’s chart.

severe latex allergy, allergies to antibiotics, prophylactic antibiotic trt./premed, pacemaker, defibrillator, mitral valve prolapse

For the purposes of hard tissue charting, what are the two types of tooth diagrams found in dental charts?

periodontal tissue charting and hard tissue charting

What colors are used in hard tissue charting?

red, blue

When is the color red used in hard tissue charting?

needs attention

When is the color blue used in hard tissue charting?

existing condition

Class I cavity:

OL, OB

Class II cavity:

MO, DO, MOD

Class III cavity:

M, D

Class IV cavity :

MI, DI, MID

Class V cavity:

Ling., B, F, Lab.

Class VI cavity:

I, O

How many locations per tooth are identified in periodontal charting?

6 (3 facial and 3 lingual)

What is a study model used for?

pt. educational purposes, accurate replication

What is another name for study model?

diagnostic cast

What is the name of the body’s process of adding new bone?

osteoblasts

What is the name of the body’s process of eliminating bone or hard tissue?

osteoclasts

What is the difference between the anatomical crown and the clinical crown?

one shows entire tooth including root, while the other does not

Anatomical Crown:

part of the tooth covered by the enamel

Clinical Crown:

portion of the crown that is visible in the mouth

Define occlusion.

the way the teeth come together in their functional position, the bite

Define centric occlusion.

position of max. and mand. arches that produces proper occlusion

Define functional occlusion.

when max. and mand. connects when functioning during day-to-day tasks (ex.talking)

What is the term meaning without teeth?

edentulous

Which instrument is used by a dentist to detect decay?

explorer

How many classifications of mobility are there?

1-3

What is the ideal classification of mobility?

1

What is the least desirable classification of mobility?

3

On which tooth is the Cusp of Carabelli found?

Max. 1st molars

List the various anatomical features of teeth.

cusp, ridge, incisal ridge, incisal edge, cingulum, fossa, groove, fissure, pit

What is the name of the area where adjacent teeth physically touch?

contact point

What is the term for the widest point on the crown of a tooth?

height of contour

What is the term for the junction of two tooth surfaces?

line angle

What is the term for the junction of three tooth surfaces?

point angle

What are the names for the horizontal third divisions of the crown of the tooth?

incisal, middle, cervical

What is the term that means below the gums?

subgingival

What is the term that means above the gums?

surpagingival

What is the name of the hole that a tooth is anchored in?

alveolar socket

Define eruption.

process of the movement of teeth entering and becoming visible in mouth for normal working position

Define impaction.

not erupted into the mouth due to being blocked by position, tissue, bone, or another tooth

Name examples of fixed prosthodontics.

bridge, crown, inlay, onlay, veneer, pontic, abutment

Bridge:

cast rest. that replaces missing teeth (fixed)

Crown:

cast rest. covering the anatomical crown (fixed)

Inlay:

cast rest. made to restore a class II prep. (fixed)

Onlay:

cast rest. made to cover occlusal, one or more cusps, & proximal surfaces of a post. tooth (fixed)

Veneer:

layer of tooth-colored material that is bonded or cem. to the prepared fac. surface of a tooth (fixed)

Pontic:

artificial tooth in a br. that replaces a natural missing tooth (fixed)

Abutment:

either a tooth or an implant that supports a fixed br. , covering the pts. teeth (fixed)

Name examples of removable prosthodontics.

full denture, partial denture

Full Denture:

prosthesis that replaces all teeth in one arch (removable)

Partial Denture:

prosthesis that replaces several teeth with the same arch (removable)

List the parts of a Tofflemire/matrix band setup.

tofflemire retainer, matrix band, wedge

Restorative Dentistry:

to bring back natural appearance of a tooth

What is an example of Restorative Dentistry?

amalgam, palladium, alloy, gold materials used

Esthetic Dentistry:

recreating the tooth to an artistically pleasing and attractive appearance

What is an example of Esthetic Dentistry?

ceramic, porcelain, composite, veneers used