Fundamentals Exam 03-08-2024

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180 Terms

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<p>Name of 1.</p>

Name of 1.

apex

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<p>Name of 2.</p>

Name of 2.

root

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<p>Name of 3.</p>

Name of 3.

neck/cervix

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<p>Name of 4.</p>

Name of 4.

incisal

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List the four tissues of the tooth.

pulp

cementum

dentin

enamel

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Pulp:

soft, center of tooth, containing nerves, and blood vessels

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Cementum:

hardest part of our body, protects root, and serves as an anchor to the periodontal ligament

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Dentin:

hard,supports structure of enamel, yellow hued

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Enamel:

hard, insulating barrier, protecting tooth from chemical, physical, and thermal forces

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List the surrounding supportive structures of the tooth.

periodontal ligament

alveolar bone

cementum

gingiva

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Periodontal Ligament/PDL:

connects cementum to alveolar bone, protects vessels and nerves from masticatory forces

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Alveolar Bone:

structure that holds and surround the roots

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Gingiva:

tissue of the upper and lower jaw, surrounding, and protecting the base of the teeth

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List the three types of oral mucosa.

lining

masticatory

soft

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Lining Mucosa:

soft, more delicate tissue

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Masticatory Mucosa:

hard, tough tissue

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Soft Mucosa:

soft tissue

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What are the different parts of the tongue?

dorsum

ventral

lingual frenum

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What type of mucosa is the dorsum made of?

masticatory

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What type of mucosa is the ventral made of?

lining

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What type of mucosa is the lingual frenum made of?

lining

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List the soft tissue landmarks of the oral cavity.

Upper lip, buccal frenum, rugae, max. tuberosity, lower lip, lingual frenum, uvula, retromolar area, upper labial frenum, stensen's duct, dorsum, lower labial frenum, soft palate, gag reflex, pillars of fauces, palatine tonsils

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Define dentition.

All of the natural teeth in the mouth

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How is the mouth divided for the purpose of identification?

using the terms Maxillary and Mandibular

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How is the dentition divided into quadrants?

using the terms UR, UL, LR, LL

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How is the dentition divided into quadrants?

using the terms Anterior and Posterior

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List the three periods of dentition.

Primary

Mixed

Permanent

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Primary dentition:

first set of teeth to erupt, known as decidous teeth

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Mixed dentition:

both primary and permanent teeth present

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Permanent dentiton:

final set of teeth to erupt, known as succedaneous teeth

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How is the Permanent Dentition identified?

#’s 1-32

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How is the Primary Dentition identified?

letters A-T

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What types of teeth are in the anterior section?

incisors and canines

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What types of teeth are in the posterior section?

molars and premolars

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How many roots do Molars have?

max.-3

mand.-2

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How many roots do Premolars have?

1

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How many roots do Incisors have?

1

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How many roots do Canines have?

1

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List the surfaces of the teeh.

buccal , lingual , occlusal , mesial , distal

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Describe buccal surface.

faces cheek

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Describe lingual surface.

faces tongue

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Describe occlusal surface.

where occlusion meets, used for chewing/grinding

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Describe mesial surface.

towards midline

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Describe distal surface.

facing away from midline

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Identify the concepts surrounding the management of the dental chart.

___

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List the situations in which a medical alert is placed inside the patient’s chart.

severe latex allergy, allergies to antibiotics, prophylactic antibiotic trt./premed, pacemaker, defibrillator, mitral valve prolapse

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For the purposes of hard tissue charting, what are the two types of tooth diagrams found in dental charts?

periodontal tissue charting and hard tissue charting

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What colors are used in hard tissue charting?

red, blue

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When is the color red used in hard tissue charting?

needs attention

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When is the color blue used in hard tissue charting?

existing condition

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Class I cavity:

OL, OB

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Class II cavity:

MO, DO, MOD

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Class III cavity:

M, D

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Class IV cavity :

MI, DI, MID

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Class V cavity:

Ling., B, F, Lab.

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Class VI cavity:

I, O

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How many locations per tooth are identified in periodontal charting?

6 (3 facial and 3 lingual)

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What is a study model used for?

pt. educational purposes, accurate replication

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What is another name for study model?

diagnostic cast

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What is the name of the body’s process of adding new bone?

osteoblasts

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What is the name of the body’s process of eliminating bone or hard tissue?

osteoclasts

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What is the difference between the anatomical crown and the clinical crown?

one shows entire tooth including root, while the other does not

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Anatomical Crown:

part of the tooth covered by the enamel

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Clinical Crown:

portion of the crown that is visible in the mouth

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Define occlusion.

the way the teeth come together in their functional position, the bite

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Define centric occlusion.

position of max. and mand. arches that produces proper occlusion

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Define functional occlusion.

when max. and mand. connects when functioning during day-to-day tasks (ex.talking)

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What is the term meaning without teeth?

edentulous

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Which instrument is used by a dentist to detect decay?

explorer

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How many classifications of mobility are there?

1-3

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What is the ideal classification of mobility?

1

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What is the least desirable classification of mobility?

3

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On which tooth is the Cusp of Carabelli found?

Max. 1st molars

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List the various anatomical features of teeth.

cusp, ridge, incisal ridge, incisal edge, cingulum, fossa, groove, fissure, pit

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What is the name of the area where adjacent teeth physically touch?

contact point

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What is the term for the widest point on the crown of a tooth?

height of contour

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What is the term for the junction of two tooth surfaces?

line angle

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What is the term for the junction of three tooth surfaces?

point angle

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What are the names for the horizontal third divisions of the crown of the tooth?

incisal, middle, cervical

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What is the term that means below the gums?

subgingival

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What is the term that means above the gums?

surpagingival

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What is the name of the hole that a tooth is anchored in?

alveolar socket

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Define eruption.

process of the movement of teeth entering and becoming visible in mouth for normal working position

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Define impaction.

not erupted into the mouth due to being blocked by position, tissue, bone, or another tooth

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Name examples of fixed prosthodontics.

bridge, crown, inlay, onlay, veneer, pontic, abutment

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Bridge:

cast rest. that replaces missing teeth (fixed)

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Crown:

cast rest. covering the anatomical crown (fixed)

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Inlay:

cast rest. made to restore a class II prep. (fixed)

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Onlay:

cast rest. made to cover occlusal, one or more cusps, & proximal surfaces of a post. tooth (fixed)

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Veneer:

layer of tooth-colored material that is bonded or cem. to the prepared fac. surface of a tooth (fixed)

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Pontic:

artificial tooth in a br. that replaces a natural missing tooth (fixed)

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Abutment:

either a tooth or an implant that supports a fixed br. , covering the pts. teeth (fixed)

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Name examples of removable prosthodontics.

full denture, partial denture

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Full Denture:

prosthesis that replaces all teeth in one arch (removable)

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Partial Denture:

prosthesis that replaces several teeth with the same arch (removable)

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List the parts of a Tofflemire/matrix band setup.

tofflemire retainer, matrix band, wedge

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Restorative Dentistry:

to bring back natural appearance of a tooth

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What is an example of Restorative Dentistry?

amalgam, palladium, alloy, gold materials used

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Esthetic Dentistry:

recreating the tooth to an artistically pleasing and attractive appearance

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What is an example of Esthetic Dentistry?

ceramic, porcelain, composite, veneers used