[5] 3 Historical Background Aesthetics and Community Architecture

Community

— is defined as, a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common.

Architecture

— is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures.

Community architecture

— consists of sites accessible to the general public. These buildings are usually functional, amenable, approachable, and often enduring (long term).

functional,

amenable,

approachable,

enduring

Community architecture buildings are usually…

1970s

In the U. K.,community architecture 'movement' started out in the?

Charles Knevitt

He is accounted to be the person who coined the term (community architecture) in his article in Building Design.

industrial revolution

The disappearance of the idea and practice of 'community architecture' in the past centuries has been accounted to the…

Urban Renewal measures

Originally, the movement that community architecture is today can also be traced back to the 1930s from the…

Housing

— was seen as the ultimate solution in the removal of slums.

Le Corbusier

At the same time, the development of the Modern Movement in Architecture led by architects like…

Slum Clearance

Urban Renewal

The anticipation of — and — as solutions to all social and physical problems of the "blighted areas” failed to live up to their claims and expectations.

Advocacy Planning

The first significant step as a result of the 1960s debate on community participation in planning and decision-making was the concept of …

Paul Davidoff

an Urban Planning professor, first introduced this concept (Advocacy Planning) in an article published in the November 1965 issue of the Journal of the American Institute of Planners, entitled “Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning."

Architects Renewal Committee in Harlem

The first practical example of the concept of Advocacy Planning was the establishment of

October 1964

when was Architects Renewal Committee in Harlem establisdhed

April 1965

ARCH started its operations in…

Community Architecture Movement

Hackney achieved major feat by attracting the attention of Prince Charles in 1984, which gave the needed boost and Royal patronage to the — in Britain

Part one being 'Neighbourhood Planning"

Part two 'Getting Community Engagement Right'.

In 2013, the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) released a paper titled "Guide to Localism” composed of two parts,

The paper is part of the Localism Bill

AESTHETICS

A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty.

Greece

— had the most influence on the development of aesthetics in the West.

proportion,

harmony,

unity

Plato felt that beautiful objects incorporated…

order,

symmetry,

definiteness.

Aristotle found that the universal elements of beauty were…

Islamic

refers not only to the religion, but to any form of art created in an Islamic culture or in an Islamic context.

Arabesque,

mosaic,

Islamic calligraphy,

Islamic architecture,

ISLAMIC FORMS OF ART

Indian art

evolved with an emphasis on inducing special spiritual or philosophical states in the audience, or with representing them symbolically.

Satyam Shivam Sundaram

In the Pan Indian philosophic thought the term — is another name for the concept of the Supreme.

Sat

is the truth value

Shiv

is the good value

Sundaram

is the beauty value.

Srabana

means education

Manana

means experience and conceptualization

Sadhana

means practice, through different stages of life (Asramas) comes to form and realize the idea of these three values to develop a value system.

Daksha

Mahana/Parama

INDIAN AESTHETICS

This Value-system helps us to develop two basic ideas:

Daksha

MEANS the adept/expert

Mahana/Parama

MEANS the Absolute

Confucius

emphasized the role of the arts and humanities (especially music and poetry) in broadening human nature and aiding "li" (etiquette, the rites) in bringing us back to what is essential about humanity.

Mozi

argued that music and fine arts were classist and wasteful, benefiting the rich but not the common people.