SWATC Unit 3

The____ is the common network of US airspace including _______, equipment and services, ________ or landing areas, ______ charts, information and services, ________, regulations and _______, Techniacl infomation and ______ and material

NAS, air navigation facilites, airports, aeronautical, rules, procedures, manpower

Define the acronym FAA

Federal aviation administration

What regulations does the FAA use to enforce minimum standards for all aspects of civil aviation and personnel managment (2)

1= FAR 65 subchp. D, suchp. B, ATCT operators
2= FAR 91 subch. F, general operating & flight rules

How do USAF air traffic controllers operate in the NAS

Control terminal air traffic, apply regulatory procedure and perform funtions to maintain a safe and orderly air traffic system within the NAS

Initiate and issue ATC clearances, insturctions and advisories to air traffic operating under Instrument and Visual flight flight rules (IFR & VFR)

use air or ground communications; aural, visual, and radar systems to control and expedite air traffic

use flight plan data, position reports, visual observations, and radar displayed data to determine aircraft postions

issue advisories to pilots, ATC and other agencies concerning weather conditions and NOTAM info.

issue traffic flow control measures, wake turbulence, and additonal services

provide flight assistance and emergency service to pilots

conduct intra-facility and inter facility coordination of clerances, instructions, advisories and aircraft movement information

maintain operating position forms and records

turn on equipment and performs alighnme t functons

Airspce of defined diments wherein ATC services are provided to both IFR and VFR flights is classified as

Controlled airspace

The term ---- may be dropped when referencing airspace during pilot/controller communications

Class

Class Alpha airspace dimensions are generally from ------ up to AND INCLUDING ------- and includes the airspace overlying waters within---- of the coastline of the continuous US and Alaska

18000 MSL, FL600, 12NM

Unless otherwise authorized, what type of flight plan is required to fly within Class Alpha airspace

IFR

Which ATC faciliy(s) will provide srvices to flights operating within Class Alpha airspce?

ARTCC

------ airspcace is generally from---- to ----- surrounding the nation's-----airports in terms of airport operations and passenger enplanements.

Class B, SFL, 10,000 MSL, Busiest

For operations within Class B airspace, pilots must recieve and------,establish --------, and be equipped with an operable----- with ------ readout.

ATC Clearance, 2 way radio comms with ATC, transponder, Mode C

ATC services within Class B airspace are provided by--------- and --------

Terminal facility radar, Mode C

Class Charlie airspace usually consists of a ---- radius, and a ---- radius shelf area that extends no lower than---- to---- above the airport elecation.

5NM, 10NM, 12000ft, 4000 f

Class charlie airspace is generally from ----to---- and surrounds those airports with a certain number of ----

SFC, 4000 AGL, IFRgps

For Flights operations within Class Charlie airspace, pilots must establish----- and be equipped with ----- with----- readout

2 way radio comms, operable transponder, Mode C

2 way radio comms, operable transponder, Mode C

RAPCON, ATCT

Class D airspace dimensions are generally from----- to -------

SFC, 2500 AGL

Pilots must establish two- way radio communications with the ATC tower--------- Class D airspace

Prior to entering

Each Class delta will have an operational------

ATCT

Most military airfields with a control tower will operate in ----- airspace

Class D

Class Echo dimensions

14500 MSL extends up to BUT NOT INCLUDING 18000 feet MSLoverlays waters within 12 NM of the coast and the airspace above FL600

What are the 3 exceptions to where Class Echo airspace may start?

surface
700AGL
1200 AGL

What facility(s) will provide ATC services within Class ECHO?

RAPCON

What airspace classification is considered uncontrolled, where no ATC service is provided unless requested by the pilot.

Gangsta

Class A airspace

18,000 MSL up to AND
INCLUDING FL 600
Enroute operations
2 way comms with ATC facility

Class B airspace

Surface to 10,000 MSL
upside down wedding cake
2 way radio comms with ATC facility

Class C airspace

surface to 4,000 AGL charted in MSL

2 waw radio comms with ATC facility

Class Delta Airspace

Surface to 2500 AGL charted in MSL

2 way radio comms with ATCT

Class E airspace

14,500 MSL UP TO BUT NOT INCLUDING 18,000 ft MSL

Class G airspace

uncontrolled airspace until pilot requests it

------- applies to all aircraft operating within----- NM of the U.S. Reguardless of their type of flight plan or origin of flight

Genral operating and Flight Rules, 12

USAF aircreews are subject to additional reulatory quidance prscribed in ------ for all general flight rules for both manned and unmanned aircraft

AFMAN 11-20v3 Flight Ops

Both IFR and VFR pilots operating in Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) are responsible to --- and ---- other traffic, terrain and obstacles whether or not under ATC radar control

see, Avoid

Pilots will use -----separation also known as "-----" to avoid creating a collision hazard.

5000 ft, well clear

Generally, the ----- maneuverable aircraft will hace the right of way over other aircraft

Least

Aircraft in ------ will have the right of way over all other air traffic.

Distress

When aircraft are convergin, except head on, at approximately the same altitude; who had the rigt of way?

Aircraft to the other's right

When aircraft are head-on to each other at approximately the same altitude; how will pilots alter their flight course?

Both alter their course

When ATC issues a clearance or instructions, pilots are expected to execute its provisions-----

upon receipt

What should a pilot do if they are unsure of any part of an ATC clearance?

Obtain clarification immediately

When may pilots not adhere to an ATC clearance

Amended clearance obtaineddeviation is necessarycomplying with a TCAS (Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System) or RA (resolutions advisories)

Altimeter setting of ----- will be used when pilots operate at or above FL 180

29.92

When operating below 18000' MSL, Pilots should use the current reported altimeter of a FSS or nearest --------- along a route and within------- of the aircraft's postion.

Weather reporting station, 100 NM

Formation flights will operate and be controlled as a--------

single aircraft

What are the two types of Formation Flights

Standard and non standard

Standard Formation flights will operate within ---- and ----- vertically of the flight leader.

1 NM, 100 ft

What are the 2 types of aircraft flight plans?

VFR IFR

Pilots weather requirements at the airport of intended operation for VFR flights are ------ ceiling and ------ visibilty

1000' AGL, 3 statute miles (SM)

What are VFR pilots operating in class bravo airspace cloud clearance requirements?

3 SM flight vidibilty and clear of clouds

What are VFR pilots operating in Class C,D, E airspace cloud clearance requirements?

3 SM flight visibility and 500 ft below1000 ft above2000 ft horizontally from clouds

General requirements for a pilot to operate under IFR flight

Certified or rated to fly IFRFiled an IFR flight plan and received an appropriate ATC clearanceIFR aircraft will be under the control of ATC at all times

When the term IFR is used, what does that mean in regard to weather conditions at an airport?

Weather conditions are less than VFR

IFR aircraft may only operate in IFR weather conditions? t/F

That shit false

A ----- is any visual or electronic device which provides point-to-poinot guidance information or postion data to aircraft that may be used for ------ or to make and ------ or landing----- to an airport

NAVAID, enroute naviation, approach, landing

-------- is defined as the horizontal postion/direcction to or from any point usually measured clockwise from north or some other reference point through 360 degrees.

Bearing

The magnetic compass bearing extending from a navidational facility (NAVAID) descripes------.

Azimuth

The ----- heading of an aircraft is the--------- the nose of the aircraft is pointing.

Heading, Magnetic direction

The controller's assignment of a compass heading to a pilot using radar data is known as a -----.

Vector

The actual flight path of an aircraft over the Earth's surface is described as the aircrafts-------.

Track

Dead reckoning

based on mathematical calculations of course, airspeed, etc.

Radio Navigation

Uses ground or space-based radio signals

Pilotage

Uses visual reference to identifiable landmarks

Celestial navigation

Based on the postions of the sun, moon, and stars

What does VOR stand for?

Very high frequency Omni directional Range

VOR radials provide aircraft with ----- from the facility and ------- to/from the facility.

Bearing, Course

VOR's are the --------------- navigational aid used for both ---- adn ------- navitation within the NAS and make up the -------- system.

primary ground based, Enroute, Terminal area, Federal airway

What does TACAN stand for?

Tactical Air Navigation

A TACAN differs from VOR navigational aid in that it provides------ information that is normally referred to as-------- and is used to measure the slant range of an aircraft.

distance, Distance measureing equipment

TACAN's are primarily a ------- NAVAID and doesnot have ------ capability.

terminal, Voice

Pilots select-------- to receive the tacan signals.

Ultra High Frequency (UHF)

When both a VOR and TACAN are co-located at and airfield or airport, it is referred to as a -------.

VORTAC

GPS as a NAVAID is a ------- based aread navigation system which allows aircraft to fly from between waypoints.

Satellite

receiver2D ----- satellites ---- and -----

lock on to 3 or more satelliteslatitude and longitude

Receiver3D------ satellites------ ,--------, and --------

lock on to 4 or more satelliteslatitude, longitude, and altitude

------- make up an Area Navigation (RNAV) route and are degined as predetermined geographical poistions used for route/ instrument approach definition that is defined in terms of ----- and ------.

Waypoint, Latitude, Longitude

Unlike VOR or TACAN NAVAIDs, the Global postion System (GPS) does not depend on --------, allowing more------- and ----- routes , as well as saving bothh ---- and -----.

ground infastructure, Aircraft, Effecient, Time, Fuel

List the components to the ILS:

LocalizerGlideslopeMarker Beacon\Apprach light system

The ----- beacon will inform the pilot when they have reach decision height.

Inner Marker (IM)

What airspace class will the federal airwas be found withing?

Class E

Federal Airways ma extend upward from ------- up to BUT NOT INCLUDING --------.

1200' AGL, 18,000 MSL

The federal Airway system is also known as ------ airways.

VICTOR "V"

Federal airways are based on ---- and/ or ----- navigational facilities.

VOR, VORTAC

Each federal airway will be identified by the letter --- followed by a ------ which is spoked in ----- form.

V, Number, Group

Each federal airway is ---- NM wide and aircraft navigate along the ----- which is defined by a VOR radial.

8, Centerline

Jet routes will be located in ----- airspace.

Class A

Each jet route will be identified by a ---- followed b a number

"J"

Pilots navigate "------'' when operating above FL450

Point-to-point