APUSH Period 1-5

Encomienda System

A labor system that allowed Spanish colonists to demand labor from Native Americans to support plantation agriculture and mining.

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of goods, crops, and diseases between the New World and the Old World following the voyage of Christopher Columbus.

Great Awakening

A series of religious revivals in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s that emphasized individual piety and a personal relationship with God.

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the United States throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

Mulatto

A person of mixed European and African ancestry.

Pueblo Revolt

A successful uprising of the Pueblo people against Spanish colonization in 1680.

Salutary Neglect

An unofficial British policy of letting the colonies largely govern themselves during the 18th century.

Daughters of Liberty

A group of women who played a vital role in the American Revolutionary War by producing home goods and supporting boycotts.

Federalist Papers

A series of 85 articles and essays written to promote the ratification of the United States Constitution.

American System

A plan developed by Henry Clay to strengthen and unify the nation, emphasizing a strong banking system, protective tariffs, and internal improvements.

13th Amendment

An amendment to the United States Constitution that abolished slavery.

15th Amendment

An amendment to the US Constitution that granted African American men the right to vote.

Plessy v. Ferguson

An 1896 Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the 'separate but equal' doctrine.

Lexington & Concord

The first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War, occurring in April 1775.

Battle of Saratoga

A pivotal battle in the Revolutionary War that resulted in a major victory for the Americans and persuaded France to ally with the Colonies.

Homestead Act

A law passed in 1862 that provided 160 acres of public land to settlers for a small fee if they farmed it for five years.

Compromise of 1850

A set of laws aimed at resolving the territorial and slavery controversies arising from the Mexican-American War.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

An 1854 law that allowed for the creation of the Kansas and Nebraska territories, with the decision on whether to allow slavery left to local settlers.

Triangular Trade

A multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another.

John Locke

An Enlightenment philosopher whose ideas about natural rights and government influenced the Founding Fathers of the United States.

Quakers

Members of a religious society of friends known for their pacifism and opposition to slavery.

Utopian Societies

Communities that attempt to create a perfect society, often through shared property and egalitarian principles.

Second Great Awakening

A Protestant revival movement during the early 19th century that emphasized individual piety and social reform.